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	AB (Agriculture Biologique) France · Tier 2 Trusted	EU Ecolabel (Flower) European Union · Tier 3 Specialty	JAS Organic Japan · Tier 1 Gold
What it means	France's national organic mark, owned by the Ministry of Agriculture. Sits alongside the EU Leaf on virtually all French organic packaging.	The European Commission's voluntary environmental label. Covers cleaning products, paper, textiles, electronics, accommodation services. NOT an organic mark.	Japan's national organic standard under the Japanese Agricultural Standard system. The mark must appear on any food sold as 'organic' (有機 or オーガニック) in Japan.
Scope	Food	Several categories	Food
Established	1985	1992	2001
Inspection	Annual on-site by French-accredited certifiers	Annual audit by national Ecolabel competent body	Annual on-site by MAFF-registered certifier
Residue testing	Risk-based	Per-category limits	Required for high-risk operations
Guarantees	EU baseline organic (EU 2018/848). Annual on-site inspection by accredited French certifiers (Ecocert, Bureau Veritas, Qualité-France).	Lifecycle-based environmental criteria per product category. Restrictions on hazardous chemicals. Annual licence renewal with audit.	≥95% organic ingredients. No synthetic pesticides, no synthetic fertilizers, no GMOs. Annual inspection by a MAFF-registered certifier.
Does NOT	Same standard as the EU Leaf — AB is the brand consumers recognise, not a stricter rule.	Doesn't apply to food. Doesn't mean organic.	Mutual recognition with the US, EU, and Canada applies to specific product categories — check each agreement before importing.

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