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	AB (Agriculture Biologique) France · Tier 2 Trusted	Fairtrade International Global · Tier 3 Specialty	Debio Ø (Norway) Norway · Tier 2 Trusted	India Organic (NPOP) India · Tier 1 Gold
What it means	France's national organic mark, owned by the Ministry of Agriculture. Sits alongside the EU Leaf on virtually all French organic packaging.	Certifies fair prices and conditions for producers in developing countries — not organic, not environmental. Common on coffee, cocoa, sugar, bananas, tea.	Norway's only accredited organic certifier. The Ø-merket is required on any food sold as 'økologisk' in Norway. Operates to EU 2018/848 equivalence plus Norwegian add-ons.	India's national organic mark under the National Programme for Organic Production. Administered by APEDA; required on any food exported as organic and increasingly on domestic packaging.
Scope	Food	Food	Food	Food
Established	1985	1997	1986	2001
Inspection	Annual on-site by French-accredited certifiers	Annual on-site by FLOCERT (independent of Fairtrade International)	Annual on-site by Debio-accredited inspectors	Annual on-site by APEDA-accredited certifier
Residue testing	Risk-based	Not for organic — Fairtrade alone doesn't test residues	Required	Required for export shipments
Guarantees	EU baseline organic (EU 2018/848). Annual on-site inspection by accredited French certifiers (Ecocert, Bureau Veritas, Qualité-France).	Minimum price floors for producer cooperatives. Fairtrade Premium paid into community-development funds. Bans on the worst forms of child and forced labour. Producer organisations must be small-farmer cooperatives or hired-labour plantations meeting standards.	EU baseline organic. Annual on-site inspection. Norwegian-specific welfare standards (esp. for cold-climate livestock).	≥95% organic ingredients. No synthetic pesticides, no GMOs. Annual third-party certification.
Does NOT	Same standard as the EU Leaf — AB is the brand consumers recognise, not a stricter rule.	Doesn't mean organic — many Fairtrade products are conventionally grown. A separate Fairtrade-Organic dual certification exists.	Norway is outside the EU — the Ø is recognised under EEA equivalence, not direct EU equivalence.	Domestic-only sales can also use FSSAI's 'Jaivik Bharat' mark — if you see only 'Jaivik Bharat' without 'India Organic', the supply chain may be PGS-India rather than NPOP-accredited.

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