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	AB (Agriculture Biologique) France · Tier 2 Trusted	Fairtrade International Global · Tier 3 Specialty	IFM IFOAM — Organics International Global · Tier 2 Trusted	Luomu (Finland) Finland · Tier 2 Trusted
What it means	France's national organic mark, owned by the Ministry of Agriculture. Sits alongside the EU Leaf on virtually all French organic packaging.	Certifies fair prices and conditions for producers in developing countries — not organic, not environmental. Common on coffee, cocoa, sugar, bananas, tea.	The international umbrella body for the organic movement. Not a product label — IFOAM accredits other certifiers worldwide via the IFOAM Family of Standards. If a cert is 'IFOAM-accredited' it has been benchmarked to a globally consistent baseline.	Finland's national organic 'Sun Mark' (Aurinkomerkki). Operated by the Finnish Food Authority. In practice most Finnish organic packaging carries both Luomu and the EU Leaf — they certify to the same baseline.
Scope	Food	Food	Several categories	Food
Established	1985	1997	1972	1995
Inspection	Annual on-site by French-accredited certifiers	Annual on-site by FLOCERT (independent of Fairtrade International)	Periodic review of accredited certifier bodies	Annual on-site by Finnish Food Authority
Residue testing	Risk-based	Not for organic — Fairtrade alone doesn't test residues	Delegated to accredited certifiers	Required
Guarantees	EU baseline organic (EU 2018/848). Annual on-site inspection by accredited French certifiers (Ecocert, Bureau Veritas, Qualité-France).	Minimum price floors for producer cooperatives. Fairtrade Premium paid into community-development funds. Bans on the worst forms of child and forced labour. Producer organisations must be small-farmer cooperatives or hired-labour plantations meeting standards.	Accredited certifiers meet the IFOAM Norms and the IFOAM Family of Standards. Independent peer review of certifier governance, inspection rigor, and conflict-of-interest controls.	EU baseline organic (Finnish supply chains end-to-end). Annual on-site inspection by the Finnish Food Authority.
Does NOT	Same standard as the EU Leaf — AB is the brand consumers recognise, not a stricter rule.	Doesn't mean organic — many Fairtrade products are conventionally grown. A separate Fairtrade-Organic dual certification exists.	Does NOT certify products directly — only certifiers. Look for the underlying national / private mark on the package.	The Sun Mark is awarded only to fully Finnish supply chains — imports use the EU Leaf alone.

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