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	AB (Agriculture Biologique) France · Tier 2 Trusted	IFM IFOAM — Organics International Global · Tier 2 Trusted	Canada Organic Biologique Canada · Tier 1 Gold	Luomu (Finland) Finland · Tier 2 Trusted
What it means	France's national organic mark, owned by the Ministry of Agriculture. Sits alongside the EU Leaf on virtually all French organic packaging.	The international umbrella body for the organic movement. Not a product label — IFOAM accredits other certifiers worldwide via the IFOAM Family of Standards. If a cert is 'IFOAM-accredited' it has been benchmarked to a globally consistent baseline.	The federal Canadian organic standard, mandatory on any agricultural product sold across provincial borders or imported as 'organic'.	Finland's national organic 'Sun Mark' (Aurinkomerkki). Operated by the Finnish Food Authority. In practice most Finnish organic packaging carries both Luomu and the EU Leaf — they certify to the same baseline.
Scope	Food	Several categories	Food	Food
Established	1985	1972	2009	1995
Inspection	Annual on-site by French-accredited certifiers	Periodic review of accredited certifier bodies	Annual on-site by CFIA-accredited certifier	Annual on-site by Finnish Food Authority
Residue testing	Risk-based	Delegated to accredited certifiers	Risk-based, conducted by accredited certifiers	Required
Guarantees	EU baseline organic (EU 2018/848). Annual on-site inspection by accredited French certifiers (Ecocert, Bureau Veritas, Qualité-France).	Accredited certifiers meet the IFOAM Norms and the IFOAM Family of Standards. Independent peer review of certifier governance, inspection rigor, and conflict-of-interest controls.	≥95% organic ingredients (single-ingredient products: 100%). No synthetic pesticides, no GMOs, no irradiation. Annual third-party certification under the Canada Organic Regime.	EU baseline organic (Finnish supply chains end-to-end). Annual on-site inspection by the Finnish Food Authority.
Does NOT	Same standard as the EU Leaf — AB is the brand consumers recognise, not a stricter rule.	Does NOT certify products directly — only certifiers. Look for the underlying national / private mark on the package.	Provincial sales-only operations are not legally required to carry it (though many do voluntarily).	The Sun Mark is awarded only to fully Finnish supply chains — imports use the EU Leaf alone.

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