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	AB (Agriculture Biologique) France · Tier 2 Trusted	IFM IFOAM — Organics International Global · Tier 2 Trusted	Rainforest Alliance Global · Tier 3 Specialty	Nordic Swan Ecolabel Nordic Countries · Tier 3 Specialty
What it means	France's national organic mark, owned by the Ministry of Agriculture. Sits alongside the EU Leaf on virtually all French organic packaging.	The international umbrella body for the organic movement. Not a product label — IFOAM accredits other certifiers worldwide via the IFOAM Family of Standards. If a cert is 'IFOAM-accredited' it has been benchmarked to a globally consistent baseline.	Sustainable-agriculture certification (post-2020 merged standard with UTZ). Covers environmental, social, and economic criteria. NOT an organic mark.	The official environmental label of the Nordic countries (Sweden, Norway, Denmark, Finland, Iceland). Covers ~60 product categories from cleaning products to hotels — NOT specifically an organic standard.
Scope	Food	Several categories	Food	Several categories
Established	1985	1972	1987	1989
Inspection	Annual on-site by French-accredited certifiers	Periodic review of accredited certifier bodies	Annual third-party audit (RA-accredited)	On-site + product review by national Ecolabel office
Residue testing	Risk-based	Delegated to accredited certifiers	Risk-based	Risk-based per category
Guarantees	EU baseline organic (EU 2018/848). Annual on-site inspection by accredited French certifiers (Ecocert, Bureau Veritas, Qualité-France).	Accredited certifiers meet the IFOAM Norms and the IFOAM Family of Standards. Independent peer review of certifier governance, inspection rigor, and conflict-of-interest controls.	Reduced (not eliminated) synthetic pesticide use, with bans on the most hazardous classes. Forest conservation requirements (no deforestation after the cut-off date). Worker welfare and community development requirements. Annual third-party audit.	Lifecycle-based environmental criteria for the product category. Restrictions on hazardous chemicals. Recyclability and packaging requirements. Audited every 3-5 years against an updated standard.
Does NOT	Same standard as the EU Leaf — AB is the brand consumers recognise, not a stricter rule.	Does NOT certify products directly — only certifiers. Look for the underlying national / private mark on the package.	Allows synthetic pesticides — does NOT meet any organic standard. Often confused with organic but it's a different programme.	Doesn't certify food as organic — Nordic Swan on a food package means lower-environmental-impact, not 'no synthetic pesticides'.

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