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	AB (Agriculture Biologique) France · Tier 2 Trusted	Korea Organic South Korea · Tier 1 Gold	COSMOS-Organic / Natural European Union · Tier 2 Trusted
What it means	France's national organic mark, owned by the Ministry of Agriculture. Sits alongside the EU Leaf on virtually all French organic packaging.	South Korea's national organic mark under MAFRA (Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs). Required on any food sold as 유기농 in Korea.	The leading certification for organic cosmetics in Europe. Two grades: COSMOS Organic (≥95% organic agricultural ingredients) and COSMOS Natural (no organic minimum, but the same restricted-ingredient list).
Scope	Food	Food	Cosmetics
Established	1985	2001	2010
Inspection	Annual on-site by French-accredited certifiers	Annual on-site by MAFRA-accredited certifier	Annual on-site by COSMOS-accredited certifier
Residue testing	Risk-based	Required	Risk-based
Guarantees	EU baseline organic (EU 2018/848). Annual on-site inspection by accredited French certifiers (Ecocert, Bureau Veritas, Qualité-France).	≥95% organic ingredients. No synthetic pesticides, no GMOs. Annual on-site inspection by a MAFRA-accredited certifier.	COSMOS Organic: ≥95% organic agricultural ingredients. COSMOS Natural: minimum natural-origin ingredients with banned synthetic restrictions. No GMOs, no parabens, no PEGs, no synthetic fragrances, no SLS/SLES. Biodegradability requirements. Annual on-site audit.
Does NOT	Same standard as the EU Leaf — AB is the brand consumers recognise, not a stricter rule.	Cosmetics and textiles are covered under separate Korean schemes, not this mark.	Doesn't certify clinical effectiveness or skin tolerance.

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