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	AB (Agriculture Biologique) France · Tier 2 Trusted	Luomu (Finland) Finland · Tier 2 Trusted	Canada Organic Biologique Canada · Tier 1 Gold
What it means	France's national organic mark, owned by the Ministry of Agriculture. Sits alongside the EU Leaf on virtually all French organic packaging.	Finland's national organic 'Sun Mark' (Aurinkomerkki). Operated by the Finnish Food Authority. In practice most Finnish organic packaging carries both Luomu and the EU Leaf — they certify to the same baseline.	The federal Canadian organic standard, mandatory on any agricultural product sold across provincial borders or imported as 'organic'.
Scope	Food	Food	Food
Established	1985	1995	2009
Inspection	Annual on-site by French-accredited certifiers	Annual on-site by Finnish Food Authority	Annual on-site by CFIA-accredited certifier
Residue testing	Risk-based	Required	Risk-based, conducted by accredited certifiers
Guarantees	EU baseline organic (EU 2018/848). Annual on-site inspection by accredited French certifiers (Ecocert, Bureau Veritas, Qualité-France).	EU baseline organic (Finnish supply chains end-to-end). Annual on-site inspection by the Finnish Food Authority.	≥95% organic ingredients (single-ingredient products: 100%). No synthetic pesticides, no GMOs, no irradiation. Annual third-party certification under the Canada Organic Regime.
Does NOT	Same standard as the EU Leaf — AB is the brand consumers recognise, not a stricter rule.	The Sun Mark is awarded only to fully Finnish supply chains — imports use the EU Leaf alone.	Provincial sales-only operations are not legally required to carry it (though many do voluntarily).

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