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	AB (Agriculture Biologique) France · Tier 2 Trusted	Luomu (Finland) Finland · Tier 2 Trusted	China Organic (COFCC) China · Tier 1 Gold
What it means	France's national organic mark, owned by the Ministry of Agriculture. Sits alongside the EU Leaf on virtually all French organic packaging.	Finland's national organic 'Sun Mark' (Aurinkomerkki). Operated by the Finnish Food Authority. In practice most Finnish organic packaging carries both Luomu and the EU Leaf — they certify to the same baseline.	China's national organic certification under the Certification and Accreditation Administration. Mandatory on any product sold as '有机' (organic) in mainland China.
Scope	Food	Food	Food
Established	1985	1995	2005
Inspection	Annual on-site by French-accredited certifiers	Annual on-site by Finnish Food Authority	Annual on-site by CNCA-accredited certifier
Residue testing	Risk-based	Required	Required
Guarantees	EU baseline organic (EU 2018/848). Annual on-site inspection by accredited French certifiers (Ecocert, Bureau Veritas, Qualité-France).	EU baseline organic (Finnish supply chains end-to-end). Annual on-site inspection by the Finnish Food Authority.	≥95% organic ingredients. No synthetic pesticides, no GMOs. Annual third-party certification. Each certified product carries a unique 17-digit traceability code.
Does NOT	Same standard as the EU Leaf — AB is the brand consumers recognise, not a stricter rule.	The Sun Mark is awarded only to fully Finnish supply chains — imports use the EU Leaf alone.	Imported organic foods must be re-certified under the Chinese standard — overseas certifications alone are not accepted for the 有机 label.

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