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	Canada Organic Biologique Canada · Tier 1 Gold	AB (Agriculture Biologique) France · Tier 2 Trusted	JAS Organic Japan · Tier 1 Gold
What it means	The federal Canadian organic standard, mandatory on any agricultural product sold across provincial borders or imported as 'organic'.	France's national organic mark, owned by the Ministry of Agriculture. Sits alongside the EU Leaf on virtually all French organic packaging.	Japan's national organic standard under the Japanese Agricultural Standard system. The mark must appear on any food sold as 'organic' (有機 or オーガニック) in Japan.
Scope	Food	Food	Food
Established	2009	1985	2001
Inspection	Annual on-site by CFIA-accredited certifier	Annual on-site by French-accredited certifiers	Annual on-site by MAFF-registered certifier
Residue testing	Risk-based, conducted by accredited certifiers	Risk-based	Required for high-risk operations
Guarantees	≥95% organic ingredients (single-ingredient products: 100%). No synthetic pesticides, no GMOs, no irradiation. Annual third-party certification under the Canada Organic Regime.	EU baseline organic (EU 2018/848). Annual on-site inspection by accredited French certifiers (Ecocert, Bureau Veritas, Qualité-France).	≥95% organic ingredients. No synthetic pesticides, no synthetic fertilizers, no GMOs. Annual inspection by a MAFF-registered certifier.
Does NOT	Provincial sales-only operations are not legally required to carry it (though many do voluntarily).	Same standard as the EU Leaf — AB is the brand consumers recognise, not a stricter rule.	Mutual recognition with the US, EU, and Canada applies to specific product categories — check each agreement before importing.

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