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	Canada Organic Biologique Canada · Tier 1 Gold	Fairtrade International Global · Tier 3 Specialty	JAS Organic Japan · Tier 1 Gold	IFM IFOAM — Organics International Global · Tier 2 Trusted
What it means	The federal Canadian organic standard, mandatory on any agricultural product sold across provincial borders or imported as 'organic'.	Certifies fair prices and conditions for producers in developing countries — not organic, not environmental. Common on coffee, cocoa, sugar, bananas, tea.	Japan's national organic standard under the Japanese Agricultural Standard system. The mark must appear on any food sold as 'organic' (有機 or オーガニック) in Japan.	The international umbrella body for the organic movement. Not a product label — IFOAM accredits other certifiers worldwide via the IFOAM Family of Standards. If a cert is 'IFOAM-accredited' it has been benchmarked to a globally consistent baseline.
Scope	Food	Food	Food	Several categories
Established	2009	1997	2001	1972
Inspection	Annual on-site by CFIA-accredited certifier	Annual on-site by FLOCERT (independent of Fairtrade International)	Annual on-site by MAFF-registered certifier	Periodic review of accredited certifier bodies
Residue testing	Risk-based, conducted by accredited certifiers	Not for organic — Fairtrade alone doesn't test residues	Required for high-risk operations	Delegated to accredited certifiers
Guarantees	≥95% organic ingredients (single-ingredient products: 100%). No synthetic pesticides, no GMOs, no irradiation. Annual third-party certification under the Canada Organic Regime.	Minimum price floors for producer cooperatives. Fairtrade Premium paid into community-development funds. Bans on the worst forms of child and forced labour. Producer organisations must be small-farmer cooperatives or hired-labour plantations meeting standards.	≥95% organic ingredients. No synthetic pesticides, no synthetic fertilizers, no GMOs. Annual inspection by a MAFF-registered certifier.	Accredited certifiers meet the IFOAM Norms and the IFOAM Family of Standards. Independent peer review of certifier governance, inspection rigor, and conflict-of-interest controls.
Does NOT	Provincial sales-only operations are not legally required to carry it (though many do voluntarily).	Doesn't mean organic — many Fairtrade products are conventionally grown. A separate Fairtrade-Organic dual certification exists.	Mutual recognition with the US, EU, and Canada applies to specific product categories — check each agreement before importing.	Does NOT certify products directly — only certifiers. Look for the underlying national / private mark on the package.

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