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	Canada Organic Biologique Canada · Tier 1 Gold	Global Organic Textile Standard Global · Tier 2 Trusted	USDA Organic United States · Tier 1 Gold	Non-GMO Project Verified United States · Tier 3 Specialty
What it means	The federal Canadian organic standard, mandatory on any agricultural product sold across provincial borders or imported as 'organic'.	The strictest, most widely-recognised standard for organic textiles. Covers the full supply chain from organic fibre to finished garment, with environmental AND social criteria.	The US Department of Agriculture's national organic standard. The green-and-white seal is the legal mark for any food sold as 'organic' in the United States.	North America's leading 'no genetically modified organisms' certification. Tests for the presence of GMOs in finished products. NOT organic.
Scope	Food	Textiles	Food	Food
Established	2009	2002	2002	2010
Inspection	Annual on-site by CFIA-accredited certifier	Annual on-site, IOAS-accredited	Annual on-site by USDA-accredited certifier	Annual third-party audit + lab testing
Residue testing	Risk-based, conducted by accredited certifiers	Required for finished products	Required on ≥5% of operations annually	GMO testing only (not pesticide)
Guarantees	≥95% organic ingredients (single-ingredient products: 100%). No synthetic pesticides, no GMOs, no irradiation. Annual third-party certification under the Canada Organic Regime.	≥70% certified-organic natural fibre (the 'organic' grade requires ≥95%). Restricted dyes, no chlorine bleach, no formaldehyde, no banned heavy metals. Wastewater treatment requirements. Social standards based on ILO core conventions (no child labour, no forced labour, fair wages, safe workplace). Annual on-site inspection by IOAS-accredited certifier.	At least 95% of ingredients are certified organic (the '100% Organic' variant requires every ingredient). No synthetic pesticides, no synthetic fertilizers, no GMOs, no sewage sludge, no irradiation. Annual on-site inspection by a USDA-accredited certifier. Residue testing on at least 5% of certified operations each year.	Verified absence of GMO ingredients (with action thresholds, not zero tolerance). Annual third-party verification. Tracing and segregation across the supply chain.
Does NOT	Provincial sales-only operations are not legally required to carry it (though many do voluntarily).	Doesn't cover non-textile components (zips, buttons, prints) beyond the chemical-restriction list.	Doesn't certify nutrition, taste, or animal welfare specifically (separate marks like AWA cover welfare). Doesn't guarantee local production — a 'USDA Organic' product can be grown anywhere with an accredited inspector.	Doesn't mean organic — Non-GMO products can use synthetic pesticides and fertilizers freely.

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