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	Canada Organic Biologique Canada · Tier 1 Gold	IFM IFOAM — Organics International Global · Tier 2 Trusted	Fairtrade International Global · Tier 3 Specialty	AB (Agriculture Biologique) France · Tier 2 Trusted
What it means	The federal Canadian organic standard, mandatory on any agricultural product sold across provincial borders or imported as 'organic'.	The international umbrella body for the organic movement. Not a product label — IFOAM accredits other certifiers worldwide via the IFOAM Family of Standards. If a cert is 'IFOAM-accredited' it has been benchmarked to a globally consistent baseline.	Certifies fair prices and conditions for producers in developing countries — not organic, not environmental. Common on coffee, cocoa, sugar, bananas, tea.	France's national organic mark, owned by the Ministry of Agriculture. Sits alongside the EU Leaf on virtually all French organic packaging.
Scope	Food	Several categories	Food	Food
Established	2009	1972	1997	1985
Inspection	Annual on-site by CFIA-accredited certifier	Periodic review of accredited certifier bodies	Annual on-site by FLOCERT (independent of Fairtrade International)	Annual on-site by French-accredited certifiers
Residue testing	Risk-based, conducted by accredited certifiers	Delegated to accredited certifiers	Not for organic — Fairtrade alone doesn't test residues	Risk-based
Guarantees	≥95% organic ingredients (single-ingredient products: 100%). No synthetic pesticides, no GMOs, no irradiation. Annual third-party certification under the Canada Organic Regime.	Accredited certifiers meet the IFOAM Norms and the IFOAM Family of Standards. Independent peer review of certifier governance, inspection rigor, and conflict-of-interest controls.	Minimum price floors for producer cooperatives. Fairtrade Premium paid into community-development funds. Bans on the worst forms of child and forced labour. Producer organisations must be small-farmer cooperatives or hired-labour plantations meeting standards.	EU baseline organic (EU 2018/848). Annual on-site inspection by accredited French certifiers (Ecocert, Bureau Veritas, Qualité-France).
Does NOT	Provincial sales-only operations are not legally required to carry it (though many do voluntarily).	Does NOT certify products directly — only certifiers. Look for the underlying national / private mark on the package.	Doesn't mean organic — many Fairtrade products are conventionally grown. A separate Fairtrade-Organic dual certification exists.	Same standard as the EU Leaf — AB is the brand consumers recognise, not a stricter rule.

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