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	COSMOS-Organic / Natural European Union · Tier 2 Trusted	Debio Ø (Norway) Norway · Tier 2 Trusted	Rainforest Alliance Global · Tier 3 Specialty	Regenerative Organic Certified (ROC) United States · Tier 2 Trusted
What it means	The leading certification for organic cosmetics in Europe. Two grades: COSMOS Organic (≥95% organic agricultural ingredients) and COSMOS Natural (no organic minimum, but the same restricted-ingredient list).	Norway's only accredited organic certifier. The Ø-merket is required on any food sold as 'økologisk' in Norway. Operates to EU 2018/848 equivalence plus Norwegian add-ons.	Sustainable-agriculture certification (post-2020 merged standard with UTZ). Covers environmental, social, and economic criteria. NOT an organic mark.	A 'beyond organic' standard developed by the Regenerative Organic Alliance (Patagonia, Rodale Institute, Dr. Bronner's, others). Built on top of USDA Organic; adds soil health, animal welfare, and social fairness pillars.
Scope	Cosmetics	Food	Food	Several categories
Established	2010	1986	1987	2018
Inspection	Annual on-site by COSMOS-accredited certifier	Annual on-site by Debio-accredited inspectors	Annual third-party audit (RA-accredited)	Annual on-site by ROA-accredited certifier
Residue testing	Risk-based	Required	Risk-based	Per USDA NOP
Guarantees	COSMOS Organic: ≥95% organic agricultural ingredients. COSMOS Natural: minimum natural-origin ingredients with banned synthetic restrictions. No GMOs, no parabens, no PEGs, no synthetic fragrances, no SLS/SLES. Biodegradability requirements. Annual on-site audit.	EU baseline organic. Annual on-site inspection. Norwegian-specific welfare standards (esp. for cold-climate livestock).	Reduced (not eliminated) synthetic pesticide use, with bans on the most hazardous classes. Forest conservation requirements (no deforestation after the cut-off date). Worker welfare and community development requirements. Annual third-party audit.	USDA Organic baseline (or equivalent) is a prerequisite. Soil health: cover cropping, no-till or reduced-till, conservation crop rotation, compost. Animal welfare: pasture-based, Five Freedoms, prohibits factory-farm conditions. Social fairness: living wage, freedom of association, safe workplace, no forced or child labour. Three tiers: Bronze, Silver, Gold based on adoption depth.
Does NOT	Doesn't certify clinical effectiveness or skin tolerance.	Norway is outside the EU — the Ø is recognised under EEA equivalence, not direct EU equivalence.	Allows synthetic pesticides — does NOT meet any organic standard. Often confused with organic but it's a different programme.	Newer label (2018+) — supply still limited, mostly US brands.

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