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	COSMOS-Organic / Natural European Union · Tier 2 Trusted	Debio Ø (Norway) Norway · Tier 2 Trusted	Soil Association Organic United Kingdom · Tier 2 Trusted	Luomu (Finland) Finland · Tier 2 Trusted
What it means	The leading certification for organic cosmetics in Europe. Two grades: COSMOS Organic (≥95% organic agricultural ingredients) and COSMOS Natural (no organic minimum, but the same restricted-ingredient list).	Norway's only accredited organic certifier. The Ø-merket is required on any food sold as 'økologisk' in Norway. Operates to EU 2018/848 equivalence plus Norwegian add-ons.	The UK's largest organic certifier. Standards are stricter than the UK government's baseline (which still mirrors EU 2018/848 post-Brexit). Recognised by the EU and USA under equivalence.	Finland's national organic 'Sun Mark' (Aurinkomerkki). Operated by the Finnish Food Authority. In practice most Finnish organic packaging carries both Luomu and the EU Leaf — they certify to the same baseline.
Scope	Cosmetics	Food	Several categories	Food
Established	2010	1986	1946	1995
Inspection	Annual on-site by COSMOS-accredited certifier	Annual on-site by Debio-accredited inspectors	Annual on-site, UKAS-accredited	Annual on-site by Finnish Food Authority
Residue testing	Risk-based	Required	Risk-based	Required
Guarantees	COSMOS Organic: ≥95% organic agricultural ingredients. COSMOS Natural: minimum natural-origin ingredients with banned synthetic restrictions. No GMOs, no parabens, no PEGs, no synthetic fragrances, no SLS/SLES. Biodegradability requirements. Annual on-site audit.	EU baseline organic. Annual on-site inspection. Norwegian-specific welfare standards (esp. for cold-climate livestock).	Stricter-than-baseline organic standards across food, textiles, cosmetics, and farming. Annual on-site inspection. Animal welfare standards (outdoor access, lower stocking density).	EU baseline organic (Finnish supply chains end-to-end). Annual on-site inspection by the Finnish Food Authority.
Does NOT	Doesn't certify clinical effectiveness or skin tolerance.	Norway is outside the EU — the Ø is recognised under EEA equivalence, not direct EU equivalence.	Logo is trademarked — not a free-licence mark.	The Sun Mark is awarded only to fully Finnish supply chains — imports use the EU Leaf alone.

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