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	COSMOS-Organic / Natural European Union · Tier 2 Trusted	Demeter International Global · Tier 2 Trusted	EU Ecolabel (Flower) European Union · Tier 3 Specialty	Global Organic Textile Standard Global · Tier 2 Trusted
What it means	The leading certification for organic cosmetics in Europe. Two grades: COSMOS Organic (≥95% organic agricultural ingredients) and COSMOS Natural (no organic minimum, but the same restricted-ingredient list).	The certification mark for biodynamic agriculture. Stricter than any government organic standard: it covers the entire farm as a closed ecosystem, follows a planting calendar tied to lunar/solar cycles, and bans many practices the baseline organic rules permit.	The European Commission's voluntary environmental label. Covers cleaning products, paper, textiles, electronics, accommodation services. NOT an organic mark.	The strictest, most widely-recognised standard for organic textiles. Covers the full supply chain from organic fibre to finished garment, with environmental AND social criteria.
Scope	Cosmetics	Several categories	Several categories	Textiles
Established	2010	1928	1992	2002
Inspection	Annual on-site by COSMOS-accredited certifier	Annual on-site by Demeter-accredited inspectors	Annual audit by national Ecolabel competent body	Annual on-site, IOAS-accredited
Residue testing	Risk-based	Risk-based on top of organic	Per-category limits	Required for finished products
Guarantees	COSMOS Organic: ≥95% organic agricultural ingredients. COSMOS Natural: minimum natural-origin ingredients with banned synthetic restrictions. No GMOs, no parabens, no PEGs, no synthetic fragrances, no SLS/SLES. Biodegradability requirements. Annual on-site audit.	All organic standards PLUS biodynamic preparations and whole-farm planning. Whole-farm certification (not single fields/products). Annual on-site inspection by Demeter-accredited inspectors. Animal welfare standards stricter than baseline organic.	Lifecycle-based environmental criteria per product category. Restrictions on hazardous chemicals. Annual licence renewal with audit.	≥70% certified-organic natural fibre (the 'organic' grade requires ≥95%). Restricted dyes, no chlorine bleach, no formaldehyde, no banned heavy metals. Wastewater treatment requirements. Social standards based on ILO core conventions (no child labour, no forced labour, fair wages, safe workplace). Annual on-site inspection by IOAS-accredited certifier.
Does NOT	Doesn't certify clinical effectiveness or skin tolerance.	Biodynamic philosophy includes esoteric elements (lunar planting, herbal preparations) that many scientists view as non-evidence-based — the agronomic outcomes are still good, the underlying claims about cosmic forces are not testable.	Doesn't apply to food. Doesn't mean organic.	Doesn't cover non-textile components (zips, buttons, prints) beyond the chemical-restriction list.

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