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	COSMOS-Organic / Natural European Union · Tier 2 Trusted	ECO Ecocert France · Tier 2 Trusted	Naturland Germany · Tier 2 Trusted	Non-GMO Project Verified United States · Tier 3 Specialty
What it means	The leading certification for organic cosmetics in Europe. Two grades: COSMOS Organic (≥95% organic agricultural ingredients) and COSMOS Natural (no organic minimum, but the same restricted-ingredient list).	France-based independent certifier operating in 130+ countries. One of the world's largest organic + cosmetics + textile certifiers. The 'Ecocert' wordmark on a package usually means Ecocert was the accredited body that ran the inspection against the national/EU standard.	A German farmers' association whose private organic standard is stricter than the EU baseline. Covers food, aquaculture, textiles, and cosmetics. Recognised globally.	North America's leading 'no genetically modified organisms' certification. Tests for the presence of GMOs in finished products. NOT organic.
Scope	Cosmetics	Several categories	Several categories	Food
Established	2010	1991	1982	2010
Inspection	Annual on-site by COSMOS-accredited certifier	Annual on-site, ISO 17065-accredited	Annual on-site by Naturland-accredited inspectors	Annual third-party audit + lab testing
Residue testing	Risk-based	Risk-based per standard	Required	GMO testing only (not pesticide)
Guarantees	COSMOS Organic: ≥95% organic agricultural ingredients. COSMOS Natural: minimum natural-origin ingredients with banned synthetic restrictions. No GMOs, no parabens, no PEGs, no synthetic fragrances, no SLS/SLES. Biodegradability requirements. Annual on-site audit.	Inspection against the relevant national or private organic standard (EU 2018/848, USDA NOP, COSMOS, GOTS, Fair for Life, etc.). Annual on-site inspection. Accredited under multiple national systems including USDA NOP and EU 2018/848.	Stricter than EU 2018/848 (lower nitrogen inputs, full-farm conversion, social standards). Annual on-site inspection. Fair-pricing requirements for member farmers.	Verified absence of GMO ingredients (with action thresholds, not zero tolerance). Annual third-party verification. Tracing and segregation across the supply chain.
Does NOT	Doesn't certify clinical effectiveness or skin tolerance.	Ecocert is the certifier, not the standard — the actual rules come from whichever organic regulation the product is certified under.	Membership-based — only farms that join the Naturland association can use the mark.	Doesn't mean organic — Non-GMO products can use synthetic pesticides and fertilizers freely.

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