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	COSMOS-Organic / Natural European Union · Tier 2 Trusted	Fairtrade International Global · Tier 3 Specialty	Naturland Germany · Tier 2 Trusted	Soil Association Organic United Kingdom · Tier 2 Trusted
What it means	The leading certification for organic cosmetics in Europe. Two grades: COSMOS Organic (≥95% organic agricultural ingredients) and COSMOS Natural (no organic minimum, but the same restricted-ingredient list).	Certifies fair prices and conditions for producers in developing countries — not organic, not environmental. Common on coffee, cocoa, sugar, bananas, tea.	A German farmers' association whose private organic standard is stricter than the EU baseline. Covers food, aquaculture, textiles, and cosmetics. Recognised globally.	The UK's largest organic certifier. Standards are stricter than the UK government's baseline (which still mirrors EU 2018/848 post-Brexit). Recognised by the EU and USA under equivalence.
Scope	Cosmetics	Food	Several categories	Several categories
Established	2010	1997	1982	1946
Inspection	Annual on-site by COSMOS-accredited certifier	Annual on-site by FLOCERT (independent of Fairtrade International)	Annual on-site by Naturland-accredited inspectors	Annual on-site, UKAS-accredited
Residue testing	Risk-based	Not for organic — Fairtrade alone doesn't test residues	Required	Risk-based
Guarantees	COSMOS Organic: ≥95% organic agricultural ingredients. COSMOS Natural: minimum natural-origin ingredients with banned synthetic restrictions. No GMOs, no parabens, no PEGs, no synthetic fragrances, no SLS/SLES. Biodegradability requirements. Annual on-site audit.	Minimum price floors for producer cooperatives. Fairtrade Premium paid into community-development funds. Bans on the worst forms of child and forced labour. Producer organisations must be small-farmer cooperatives or hired-labour plantations meeting standards.	Stricter than EU 2018/848 (lower nitrogen inputs, full-farm conversion, social standards). Annual on-site inspection. Fair-pricing requirements for member farmers.	Stricter-than-baseline organic standards across food, textiles, cosmetics, and farming. Annual on-site inspection. Animal welfare standards (outdoor access, lower stocking density).
Does NOT	Doesn't certify clinical effectiveness or skin tolerance.	Doesn't mean organic — many Fairtrade products are conventionally grown. A separate Fairtrade-Organic dual certification exists.	Membership-based — only farms that join the Naturland association can use the mark.	Logo is trademarked — not a free-licence mark.

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