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	COSMOS-Organic / Natural European Union · Tier 2 Trusted	Korea Organic South Korea · Tier 1 Gold	JAS Organic Japan · Tier 1 Gold	Tún (Iceland) Iceland · Tier 1 Gold
What it means	The leading certification for organic cosmetics in Europe. Two grades: COSMOS Organic (≥95% organic agricultural ingredients) and COSMOS Natural (no organic minimum, but the same restricted-ingredient list).	South Korea's national organic mark under MAFRA (Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs). Required on any food sold as 유기농 in Korea.	Japan's national organic standard under the Japanese Agricultural Standard system. The mark must appear on any food sold as 'organic' (有機 or オーガニック) in Japan.	Vottunarstofan Tún is Iceland's only accredited organic certifier. Accredited by MAST (Matvælastofnun) under the EU 2018/848-equivalent Icelandic standard, so a Tún-certified product is also recognised as EU-organic.
Scope	Cosmetics	Food	Food	Food
Established	2010	2001	2001	1994
Inspection	Annual on-site by COSMOS-accredited certifier	Annual on-site by MAFRA-accredited certifier	Annual on-site by MAFF-registered certifier	Annual on-site, MAST-accredited
Residue testing	Risk-based	Required	Required for high-risk operations	Required for at-risk operations
Guarantees	COSMOS Organic: ≥95% organic agricultural ingredients. COSMOS Natural: minimum natural-origin ingredients with banned synthetic restrictions. No GMOs, no parabens, no PEGs, no synthetic fragrances, no SLS/SLES. Biodegradability requirements. Annual on-site audit.	≥95% organic ingredients. No synthetic pesticides, no GMOs. Annual on-site inspection by a MAFRA-accredited certifier.	≥95% organic ingredients. No synthetic pesticides, no synthetic fertilizers, no GMOs. Annual inspection by a MAFF-registered certifier.	≥95% organic ingredients per EU rules. No synthetic pesticides, no GMOs. Annual on-site inspection. Animal welfare standards (outdoor / pasture access, geothermally-warmed greenhouse compatibility for vegetables).
Does NOT	Doesn't certify clinical effectiveness or skin tolerance.	Cosmetics and textiles are covered under separate Korean schemes, not this mark.	Mutual recognition with the US, EU, and Canada applies to specific product categories — check each agreement before importing.	There aren't many Tún-certified operations (~120–160) — coverage in the Icelandic market is narrower than in the EU mainland.

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