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	COSMOS-Organic / Natural European Union · Tier 2 Trusted	Korea Organic South Korea · Tier 1 Gold	Regenerative Organic Certified (ROC) United States · Tier 2 Trusted	JAS Organic Japan · Tier 1 Gold
What it means	The leading certification for organic cosmetics in Europe. Two grades: COSMOS Organic (≥95% organic agricultural ingredients) and COSMOS Natural (no organic minimum, but the same restricted-ingredient list).	South Korea's national organic mark under MAFRA (Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs). Required on any food sold as 유기농 in Korea.	A 'beyond organic' standard developed by the Regenerative Organic Alliance (Patagonia, Rodale Institute, Dr. Bronner's, others). Built on top of USDA Organic; adds soil health, animal welfare, and social fairness pillars.	Japan's national organic standard under the Japanese Agricultural Standard system. The mark must appear on any food sold as 'organic' (有機 or オーガニック) in Japan.
Scope	Cosmetics	Food	Several categories	Food
Established	2010	2001	2018	2001
Inspection	Annual on-site by COSMOS-accredited certifier	Annual on-site by MAFRA-accredited certifier	Annual on-site by ROA-accredited certifier	Annual on-site by MAFF-registered certifier
Residue testing	Risk-based	Required	Per USDA NOP	Required for high-risk operations
Guarantees	COSMOS Organic: ≥95% organic agricultural ingredients. COSMOS Natural: minimum natural-origin ingredients with banned synthetic restrictions. No GMOs, no parabens, no PEGs, no synthetic fragrances, no SLS/SLES. Biodegradability requirements. Annual on-site audit.	≥95% organic ingredients. No synthetic pesticides, no GMOs. Annual on-site inspection by a MAFRA-accredited certifier.	USDA Organic baseline (or equivalent) is a prerequisite. Soil health: cover cropping, no-till or reduced-till, conservation crop rotation, compost. Animal welfare: pasture-based, Five Freedoms, prohibits factory-farm conditions. Social fairness: living wage, freedom of association, safe workplace, no forced or child labour. Three tiers: Bronze, Silver, Gold based on adoption depth.	≥95% organic ingredients. No synthetic pesticides, no synthetic fertilizers, no GMOs. Annual inspection by a MAFF-registered certifier.
Does NOT	Doesn't certify clinical effectiveness or skin tolerance.	Cosmetics and textiles are covered under separate Korean schemes, not this mark.	Newer label (2018+) — supply still limited, mostly US brands.	Mutual recognition with the US, EU, and Canada applies to specific product categories — check each agreement before importing.

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