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	COSMOS-Organic / Natural European Union · Tier 2 Trusted	Luomu (Finland) Finland · Tier 2 Trusted	Canada Organic Biologique Canada · Tier 1 Gold	USDA Organic United States · Tier 1 Gold
What it means	The leading certification for organic cosmetics in Europe. Two grades: COSMOS Organic (≥95% organic agricultural ingredients) and COSMOS Natural (no organic minimum, but the same restricted-ingredient list).	Finland's national organic 'Sun Mark' (Aurinkomerkki). Operated by the Finnish Food Authority. In practice most Finnish organic packaging carries both Luomu and the EU Leaf — they certify to the same baseline.	The federal Canadian organic standard, mandatory on any agricultural product sold across provincial borders or imported as 'organic'.	The US Department of Agriculture's national organic standard. The green-and-white seal is the legal mark for any food sold as 'organic' in the United States.
Scope	Cosmetics	Food	Food	Food
Established	2010	1995	2009	2002
Inspection	Annual on-site by COSMOS-accredited certifier	Annual on-site by Finnish Food Authority	Annual on-site by CFIA-accredited certifier	Annual on-site by USDA-accredited certifier
Residue testing	Risk-based	Required	Risk-based, conducted by accredited certifiers	Required on ≥5% of operations annually
Guarantees	COSMOS Organic: ≥95% organic agricultural ingredients. COSMOS Natural: minimum natural-origin ingredients with banned synthetic restrictions. No GMOs, no parabens, no PEGs, no synthetic fragrances, no SLS/SLES. Biodegradability requirements. Annual on-site audit.	EU baseline organic (Finnish supply chains end-to-end). Annual on-site inspection by the Finnish Food Authority.	≥95% organic ingredients (single-ingredient products: 100%). No synthetic pesticides, no GMOs, no irradiation. Annual third-party certification under the Canada Organic Regime.	At least 95% of ingredients are certified organic (the '100% Organic' variant requires every ingredient). No synthetic pesticides, no synthetic fertilizers, no GMOs, no sewage sludge, no irradiation. Annual on-site inspection by a USDA-accredited certifier. Residue testing on at least 5% of certified operations each year.
Does NOT	Doesn't certify clinical effectiveness or skin tolerance.	The Sun Mark is awarded only to fully Finnish supply chains — imports use the EU Leaf alone.	Provincial sales-only operations are not legally required to carry it (though many do voluntarily).	Doesn't certify nutrition, taste, or animal welfare specifically (separate marks like AWA cover welfare). Doesn't guarantee local production — a 'USDA Organic' product can be grown anywhere with an accredited inspector.

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