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	COSMOS-Organic / Natural European Union · Tier 2 Trusted	Naturland Germany · Tier 2 Trusted	India Organic (NPOP) India · Tier 1 Gold	Debio Ø (Norway) Norway · Tier 2 Trusted
What it means	The leading certification for organic cosmetics in Europe. Two grades: COSMOS Organic (≥95% organic agricultural ingredients) and COSMOS Natural (no organic minimum, but the same restricted-ingredient list).	A German farmers' association whose private organic standard is stricter than the EU baseline. Covers food, aquaculture, textiles, and cosmetics. Recognised globally.	India's national organic mark under the National Programme for Organic Production. Administered by APEDA; required on any food exported as organic and increasingly on domestic packaging.	Norway's only accredited organic certifier. The Ø-merket is required on any food sold as 'økologisk' in Norway. Operates to EU 2018/848 equivalence plus Norwegian add-ons.
Scope	Cosmetics	Several categories	Food	Food
Established	2010	1982	2001	1986
Inspection	Annual on-site by COSMOS-accredited certifier	Annual on-site by Naturland-accredited inspectors	Annual on-site by APEDA-accredited certifier	Annual on-site by Debio-accredited inspectors
Residue testing	Risk-based	Required	Required for export shipments	Required
Guarantees	COSMOS Organic: ≥95% organic agricultural ingredients. COSMOS Natural: minimum natural-origin ingredients with banned synthetic restrictions. No GMOs, no parabens, no PEGs, no synthetic fragrances, no SLS/SLES. Biodegradability requirements. Annual on-site audit.	Stricter than EU 2018/848 (lower nitrogen inputs, full-farm conversion, social standards). Annual on-site inspection. Fair-pricing requirements for member farmers.	≥95% organic ingredients. No synthetic pesticides, no GMOs. Annual third-party certification.	EU baseline organic. Annual on-site inspection. Norwegian-specific welfare standards (esp. for cold-climate livestock).
Does NOT	Doesn't certify clinical effectiveness or skin tolerance.	Membership-based — only farms that join the Naturland association can use the mark.	Domestic-only sales can also use FSSAI's 'Jaivik Bharat' mark — if you see only 'Jaivik Bharat' without 'India Organic', the supply chain may be PGS-India rather than NPOP-accredited.	Norway is outside the EU — the Ø is recognised under EEA equivalence, not direct EU equivalence.

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