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	Demeter International Global · Tier 2 Trusted	AB (Agriculture Biologique) France · Tier 2 Trusted	NATRUE European Union · Tier 2 Trusted	ECO Ecocert France · Tier 2 Trusted
What it means	The certification mark for biodynamic agriculture. Stricter than any government organic standard: it covers the entire farm as a closed ecosystem, follows a planting calendar tied to lunar/solar cycles, and bans many practices the baseline organic rules permit.	France's national organic mark, owned by the Ministry of Agriculture. Sits alongside the EU Leaf on virtually all French organic packaging.	An EU-based natural-and-organic cosmetics certification. Three grades: Natural, Natural with Organic portion, and Organic.	France-based independent certifier operating in 130+ countries. One of the world's largest organic + cosmetics + textile certifiers. The 'Ecocert' wordmark on a package usually means Ecocert was the accredited body that ran the inspection against the national/EU standard.
Scope	Several categories	Food	Cosmetics	Several categories
Established	1928	1985	2007	1991
Inspection	Annual on-site by Demeter-accredited inspectors	Annual on-site by French-accredited certifiers	Annual third-party audit	Annual on-site, ISO 17065-accredited
Residue testing	Risk-based on top of organic	Risk-based	Risk-based	Risk-based per standard
Guarantees	All organic standards PLUS biodynamic preparations and whole-farm planning. Whole-farm certification (not single fields/products). Annual on-site inspection by Demeter-accredited inspectors. Animal welfare standards stricter than baseline organic.	EU baseline organic (EU 2018/848). Annual on-site inspection by accredited French certifiers (Ecocert, Bureau Veritas, Qualité-France).	Restricted ingredient list (no synthetic fragrances, no silicones, no PEGs). Tiered organic content: Natural with Organic portion ≥70% certified organic; Organic ≥95%. Annual third-party verification.	Inspection against the relevant national or private organic standard (EU 2018/848, USDA NOP, COSMOS, GOTS, Fair for Life, etc.). Annual on-site inspection. Accredited under multiple national systems including USDA NOP and EU 2018/848.
Does NOT	Biodynamic philosophy includes esoteric elements (lunar planting, herbal preparations) that many scientists view as non-evidence-based — the agronomic outcomes are still good, the underlying claims about cosmic forces are not testable.	Same standard as the EU Leaf — AB is the brand consumers recognise, not a stricter rule.	Mark is trademark-protected.	Ecocert is the certifier, not the standard — the actual rules come from whichever organic regulation the product is certified under.

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