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	Demeter International Global · Tier 2 Trusted	Canada Organic Biologique Canada · Tier 1 Gold	NASAA Certified Organic (Australia) Australia · Tier 2 Trusted	USDA Organic United States · Tier 1 Gold
What it means	The certification mark for biodynamic agriculture. Stricter than any government organic standard: it covers the entire farm as a closed ecosystem, follows a planting calendar tied to lunar/solar cycles, and bans many practices the baseline organic rules permit.	The federal Canadian organic standard, mandatory on any agricultural product sold across provincial borders or imported as 'organic'.	National Association for Sustainable Agriculture, Australia. One of seven Australian Department of Agriculture-approved certifiers. IFOAM-accredited; certifies organic and biodynamic produce.	The US Department of Agriculture's national organic standard. The green-and-white seal is the legal mark for any food sold as 'organic' in the United States.
Scope	Several categories	Food	Several categories	Food
Established	1928	2009	1986	2002
Inspection	Annual on-site by Demeter-accredited inspectors	Annual on-site by CFIA-accredited certifier	Annual on-site, NASAA-accredited	Annual on-site by USDA-accredited certifier
Residue testing	Risk-based on top of organic	Risk-based, conducted by accredited certifiers	Risk-based	Required on ≥5% of operations annually
Guarantees	All organic standards PLUS biodynamic preparations and whole-farm planning. Whole-farm certification (not single fields/products). Annual on-site inspection by Demeter-accredited inspectors. Animal welfare standards stricter than baseline organic.	≥95% organic ingredients (single-ingredient products: 100%). No synthetic pesticides, no GMOs, no irradiation. Annual third-party certification under the Canada Organic Regime.	Compliance with the Australian National Standard for Organic and Bio-Dynamic Produce. Annual on-site inspection. Biodynamic certification option.	At least 95% of ingredients are certified organic (the '100% Organic' variant requires every ingredient). No synthetic pesticides, no synthetic fertilizers, no GMOs, no sewage sludge, no irradiation. Annual on-site inspection by a USDA-accredited certifier. Residue testing on at least 5% of certified operations each year.
Does NOT	Biodynamic philosophy includes esoteric elements (lunar planting, herbal preparations) that many scientists view as non-evidence-based — the agronomic outcomes are still good, the underlying claims about cosmic forces are not testable.	Provincial sales-only operations are not legally required to carry it (though many do voluntarily).	Australia has multiple competing organic certifiers — NASAA is one of seven, not the dominant national mark (that's ACO).	Doesn't certify nutrition, taste, or animal welfare specifically (separate marks like AWA cover welfare). Doesn't guarantee local production — a 'USDA Organic' product can be grown anywhere with an accredited inspector.

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