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	Demeter International Global · Tier 2 Trusted	Fairtrade International Global · Tier 3 Specialty	AB (Agriculture Biologique) France · Tier 2 Trusted	Kilimohai Organic Mark (East Africa) East Africa · Tier 2 Trusted
What it means	The certification mark for biodynamic agriculture. Stricter than any government organic standard: it covers the entire farm as a closed ecosystem, follows a planting calendar tied to lunar/solar cycles, and bans many practices the baseline organic rules permit.	Certifies fair prices and conditions for producers in developing countries — not organic, not environmental. Common on coffee, cocoa, sugar, bananas, tea.	France's national organic mark, owned by the Ministry of Agriculture. Sits alongside the EU Leaf on virtually all French organic packaging.	The East African regional organic mark, under the East Africa Organic Products Standard (EAOPS). Used across Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Rwanda, and Burundi. Administered through Participatory Guarantee Systems coordinated by KOAN (Kenya Organic Agriculture Network).
Scope	Several categories	Food	Food	Food
Established	1928	1997	1985	2007
Inspection	Annual on-site by Demeter-accredited inspectors	Annual on-site by FLOCERT (independent of Fairtrade International)	Annual on-site by French-accredited certifiers	PGS peer-review (annual)
Residue testing	Risk-based on top of organic	Not for organic — Fairtrade alone doesn't test residues	Risk-based	Risk-based
Guarantees	All organic standards PLUS biodynamic preparations and whole-farm planning. Whole-farm certification (not single fields/products). Annual on-site inspection by Demeter-accredited inspectors. Animal welfare standards stricter than baseline organic.	Minimum price floors for producer cooperatives. Fairtrade Premium paid into community-development funds. Bans on the worst forms of child and forced labour. Producer organisations must be small-farmer cooperatives or hired-labour plantations meeting standards.	EU baseline organic (EU 2018/848). Annual on-site inspection by accredited French certifiers (Ecocert, Bureau Veritas, Qualité-France).	Compliance with the East Africa Organic Products Standard (EAOPS). Peer-review inspection via Participatory Guarantee Systems (PGS). Regional cross-recognition across the five East African Community member states.
Does NOT	Biodynamic philosophy includes esoteric elements (lunar planting, herbal preparations) that many scientists view as non-evidence-based — the agronomic outcomes are still good, the underlying claims about cosmic forces are not testable.	Doesn't mean organic — many Fairtrade products are conventionally grown. A separate Fairtrade-Organic dual certification exists.	Same standard as the EU Leaf — AB is the brand consumers recognise, not a stricter rule.	PGS-based — the inspection model is community peer-review rather than third-party. Strong for domestic markets, less recognised by the EU/USA than third-party schemes.

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