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	Demeter International Global · Tier 2 Trusted	JAS Organic Japan · Tier 1 Gold	COSMOS-Organic / Natural European Union · Tier 2 Trusted	Orgánico SAGARPA / SENASICA (Mexico) Mexico · Tier 1 Gold
What it means	The certification mark for biodynamic agriculture. Stricter than any government organic standard: it covers the entire farm as a closed ecosystem, follows a planting calendar tied to lunar/solar cycles, and bans many practices the baseline organic rules permit.	Japan's national organic standard under the Japanese Agricultural Standard system. The mark must appear on any food sold as 'organic' (有機 or オーガニック) in Japan.	The leading certification for organic cosmetics in Europe. Two grades: COSMOS Organic (≥95% organic agricultural ingredients) and COSMOS Natural (no organic minimum, but the same restricted-ingredient list).	Mexico's national organic mark, administered by SENASICA under the Ley de Productos Orgánicos (LPO).
Scope	Several categories	Food	Cosmetics	Food
Established	1928	2001	2010	2006
Inspection	Annual on-site by Demeter-accredited inspectors	Annual on-site by MAFF-registered certifier	Annual on-site by COSMOS-accredited certifier	Annual on-site, SENASICA-accredited
Residue testing	Risk-based on top of organic	Required for high-risk operations	Risk-based	Required
Guarantees	All organic standards PLUS biodynamic preparations and whole-farm planning. Whole-farm certification (not single fields/products). Annual on-site inspection by Demeter-accredited inspectors. Animal welfare standards stricter than baseline organic.	≥95% organic ingredients. No synthetic pesticides, no synthetic fertilizers, no GMOs. Annual inspection by a MAFF-registered certifier.	COSMOS Organic: ≥95% organic agricultural ingredients. COSMOS Natural: minimum natural-origin ingredients with banned synthetic restrictions. No GMOs, no parabens, no PEGs, no synthetic fragrances, no SLS/SLES. Biodegradability requirements. Annual on-site audit.	≥95% organic ingredients per LPO. Annual on-site inspection by SENASICA-accredited certifier.
Does NOT	Biodynamic philosophy includes esoteric elements (lunar planting, herbal preparations) that many scientists view as non-evidence-based — the agronomic outcomes are still good, the underlying claims about cosmic forces are not testable.	Mutual recognition with the US, EU, and Canada applies to specific product categories — check each agreement before importing.	Doesn't certify clinical effectiveness or skin tolerance.	USDA equivalence is granted product-by-product, not blanket.

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