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	Demeter International Global · Tier 2 Trusted	JAS Organic Japan · Tier 1 Gold	Fairtrade International Global · Tier 3 Specialty	KRAV (Sweden) Sweden · Tier 2 Trusted
What it means	The certification mark for biodynamic agriculture. Stricter than any government organic standard: it covers the entire farm as a closed ecosystem, follows a planting calendar tied to lunar/solar cycles, and bans many practices the baseline organic rules permit.	Japan's national organic standard under the Japanese Agricultural Standard system. The mark must appear on any food sold as 'organic' (有機 or オーガニック) in Japan.	Certifies fair prices and conditions for producers in developing countries — not organic, not environmental. Common on coffee, cocoa, sugar, bananas, tea.	Sweden's leading organic mark. Built on the EU 2018/848 baseline plus stricter Swedish add-ons covering animal welfare, climate impact, and social conditions.
Scope	Several categories	Food	Food	Food
Established	1928	2001	1997	1985
Inspection	Annual on-site by Demeter-accredited inspectors	Annual on-site by MAFF-registered certifier	Annual on-site by FLOCERT (independent of Fairtrade International)	Annual on-site by KRAV-accredited certifier
Residue testing	Risk-based on top of organic	Required for high-risk operations	Not for organic — Fairtrade alone doesn't test residues	Required
Guarantees	All organic standards PLUS biodynamic preparations and whole-farm planning. Whole-farm certification (not single fields/products). Annual on-site inspection by Demeter-accredited inspectors. Animal welfare standards stricter than baseline organic.	≥95% organic ingredients. No synthetic pesticides, no synthetic fertilizers, no GMOs. Annual inspection by a MAFF-registered certifier.	Minimum price floors for producer cooperatives. Fairtrade Premium paid into community-development funds. Bans on the worst forms of child and forced labour. Producer organisations must be small-farmer cooperatives or hired-labour plantations meeting standards.	EU baseline organic PLUS Swedish-specific welfare and climate add-ons. Annual on-site inspection. Climate footprint accounting on KRAV-certified farms.
Does NOT	Biodynamic philosophy includes esoteric elements (lunar planting, herbal preparations) that many scientists view as non-evidence-based — the agronomic outcomes are still good, the underlying claims about cosmic forces are not testable.	Mutual recognition with the US, EU, and Canada applies to specific product categories — check each agreement before importing.	Doesn't mean organic — many Fairtrade products are conventionally grown. A separate Fairtrade-Organic dual certification exists.	Mark is trademark-protected.

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