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	Demeter International Global · Tier 2 Trusted	Regenerative Organic Certified (ROC) United States · Tier 2 Trusted	Tún (Iceland) Iceland · Tier 1 Gold	Korea Organic South Korea · Tier 1 Gold
What it means	The certification mark for biodynamic agriculture. Stricter than any government organic standard: it covers the entire farm as a closed ecosystem, follows a planting calendar tied to lunar/solar cycles, and bans many practices the baseline organic rules permit.	A 'beyond organic' standard developed by the Regenerative Organic Alliance (Patagonia, Rodale Institute, Dr. Bronner's, others). Built on top of USDA Organic; adds soil health, animal welfare, and social fairness pillars.	Vottunarstofan Tún is Iceland's only accredited organic certifier. Accredited by MAST (Matvælastofnun) under the EU 2018/848-equivalent Icelandic standard, so a Tún-certified product is also recognised as EU-organic.	South Korea's national organic mark under MAFRA (Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs). Required on any food sold as 유기농 in Korea.
Scope	Several categories	Several categories	Food	Food
Established	1928	2018	1994	2001
Inspection	Annual on-site by Demeter-accredited inspectors	Annual on-site by ROA-accredited certifier	Annual on-site, MAST-accredited	Annual on-site by MAFRA-accredited certifier
Residue testing	Risk-based on top of organic	Per USDA NOP	Required for at-risk operations	Required
Guarantees	All organic standards PLUS biodynamic preparations and whole-farm planning. Whole-farm certification (not single fields/products). Annual on-site inspection by Demeter-accredited inspectors. Animal welfare standards stricter than baseline organic.	USDA Organic baseline (or equivalent) is a prerequisite. Soil health: cover cropping, no-till or reduced-till, conservation crop rotation, compost. Animal welfare: pasture-based, Five Freedoms, prohibits factory-farm conditions. Social fairness: living wage, freedom of association, safe workplace, no forced or child labour. Three tiers: Bronze, Silver, Gold based on adoption depth.	≥95% organic ingredients per EU rules. No synthetic pesticides, no GMOs. Annual on-site inspection. Animal welfare standards (outdoor / pasture access, geothermally-warmed greenhouse compatibility for vegetables).	≥95% organic ingredients. No synthetic pesticides, no GMOs. Annual on-site inspection by a MAFRA-accredited certifier.
Does NOT	Biodynamic philosophy includes esoteric elements (lunar planting, herbal preparations) that many scientists view as non-evidence-based — the agronomic outcomes are still good, the underlying claims about cosmic forces are not testable.	Newer label (2018+) — supply still limited, mostly US brands.	There aren't many Tún-certified operations (~120–160) — coverage in the Icelandic market is narrower than in the EU mainland.	Cosmetics and textiles are covered under separate Korean schemes, not this mark.

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