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	Demeter International Global · Tier 2 Trusted	USDA Organic United States · Tier 1 Gold	OTC OEKO-TEX Organic Cotton Global · Tier 2 Trusted	KRAV (Sweden) Sweden · Tier 2 Trusted
What it means	The certification mark for biodynamic agriculture. Stricter than any government organic standard: it covers the entire farm as a closed ecosystem, follows a planting calendar tied to lunar/solar cycles, and bans many practices the baseline organic rules permit.	The US Department of Agriculture's national organic standard. The green-and-white seal is the legal mark for any food sold as 'organic' in the United States.	Launched April 2023 by the OEKO-TEX Association. A separate certificate from Standard 100 that combines the Standard 100 chemical-residue test with verified organic-cotton supply chain — addressing the long-standing confusion that Standard 100 alone is NOT an organic mark.	Sweden's leading organic mark. Built on the EU 2018/848 baseline plus stricter Swedish add-ons covering animal welfare, climate impact, and social conditions.
Scope	Several categories	Food	Textiles	Food
Established	1928	2002	2023	1985
Inspection	Annual on-site by Demeter-accredited inspectors	Annual on-site by USDA-accredited certifier	Annual on-site by OEKO-TEX-accredited institute (Hohenstein et al.)	Annual on-site by KRAV-accredited certifier
Residue testing	Risk-based on top of organic	Required on ≥5% of operations annually	Required (Standard 100 panel + GMO/pesticide screening)	Required
Guarantees	All organic standards PLUS biodynamic preparations and whole-farm planning. Whole-farm certification (not single fields/products). Annual on-site inspection by Demeter-accredited inspectors. Animal welfare standards stricter than baseline organic.	At least 95% of ingredients are certified organic (the '100% Organic' variant requires every ingredient). No synthetic pesticides, no synthetic fertilizers, no GMOs, no sewage sludge, no irradiation. Annual on-site inspection by a USDA-accredited certifier. Residue testing on at least 5% of certified operations each year.	Two grades: 'Organic Cotton' (100% certified-organic cotton) and 'Organic Cotton Blended' (≥70% certified-organic cotton). Full Standard 100 chemical residue test on the finished product. Additional GMO test + pesticide residue test specific to organic farming. Verified chain of custody from farm to finished product. Annual re-certification with independent OEKO-TEX institute audits.	EU baseline organic PLUS Swedish-specific welfare and climate add-ons. Annual on-site inspection. Climate footprint accounting on KRAV-certified farms.
Does NOT	Biodynamic philosophy includes esoteric elements (lunar planting, herbal preparations) that many scientists view as non-evidence-based — the agronomic outcomes are still good, the underlying claims about cosmic forces are not testable.	Doesn't certify nutrition, taste, or animal welfare specifically (separate marks like AWA cover welfare). Doesn't guarantee local production — a 'USDA Organic' product can be grown anywhere with an accredited inspector.	Doesn't certify the social/labour conditions across the supply chain in the way GOTS does (use OEKO-TEX STeP for that, or pair with GOTS). Cotton-only — doesn't apply to other organic fibres (wool, hemp, linen).	Mark is trademark-protected.

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