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	EU Organic (Euro-Leaf) European Union · Tier 1 Gold	COSMOS-Organic / Natural European Union · Tier 2 Trusted	Korea Organic South Korea · Tier 1 Gold	Regenerative Organic Certified (ROC) United States · Tier 2 Trusted
What it means	The mandatory mark for any pre-packaged organic food sold in the EU. The 'Euro-Leaf' is a stylised leaf made of twelve white stars on a green background.	The leading certification for organic cosmetics in Europe. Two grades: COSMOS Organic (≥95% organic agricultural ingredients) and COSMOS Natural (no organic minimum, but the same restricted-ingredient list).	South Korea's national organic mark under MAFRA (Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs). Required on any food sold as 유기농 in Korea.	A 'beyond organic' standard developed by the Regenerative Organic Alliance (Patagonia, Rodale Institute, Dr. Bronner's, others). Built on top of USDA Organic; adds soil health, animal welfare, and social fairness pillars.
Scope	Food	Cosmetics	Food	Several categories
Established	2010	2010	2001	2018
Inspection	Annual on-site by accredited control body in producer country	Annual on-site by COSMOS-accredited certifier	Annual on-site by MAFRA-accredited certifier	Annual on-site by ROA-accredited certifier
Residue testing	Risk-based; mandatory at higher-risk operations	Risk-based	Required	Per USDA NOP
Guarantees	At least 95% of agricultural ingredients are organic (regulation EU 2018/848). No synthetic pesticides, no synthetic fertilizers, no GMOs. Animal welfare standards (outdoor access, lower stocking density, no routine antibiotics). Annual inspection by an accredited control body in the producing member state. Mandatory display of the certifier's code and origin (e.g. 'EU Agriculture' / 'Non-EU Agriculture').	COSMOS Organic: ≥95% organic agricultural ingredients. COSMOS Natural: minimum natural-origin ingredients with banned synthetic restrictions. No GMOs, no parabens, no PEGs, no synthetic fragrances, no SLS/SLES. Biodegradability requirements. Annual on-site audit.	≥95% organic ingredients. No synthetic pesticides, no GMOs. Annual on-site inspection by a MAFRA-accredited certifier.	USDA Organic baseline (or equivalent) is a prerequisite. Soil health: cover cropping, no-till or reduced-till, conservation crop rotation, compost. Animal welfare: pasture-based, Five Freedoms, prohibits factory-farm conditions. Social fairness: living wage, freedom of association, safe workplace, no forced or child labour. Three tiers: Bronze, Silver, Gold based on adoption depth.
Does NOT	Doesn't ban the natural pesticides allowed under the regulation (copper sulphate, spinosad). Doesn't certify processed-food additives beyond the EU's permitted list.	Doesn't certify clinical effectiveness or skin tolerance.	Cosmetics and textiles are covered under separate Korean schemes, not this mark.	Newer label (2018+) — supply still limited, mostly US brands.

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