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	EU Organic (Euro-Leaf) European Union · Tier 1 Gold	NASAA Certified Organic (Australia) Australia · Tier 2 Trusted	JAS Organic Japan · Tier 1 Gold	USDA Organic United States · Tier 1 Gold
What it means	The mandatory mark for any pre-packaged organic food sold in the EU. The 'Euro-Leaf' is a stylised leaf made of twelve white stars on a green background.	National Association for Sustainable Agriculture, Australia. One of seven Australian Department of Agriculture-approved certifiers. IFOAM-accredited; certifies organic and biodynamic produce.	Japan's national organic standard under the Japanese Agricultural Standard system. The mark must appear on any food sold as 'organic' (有機 or オーガニック) in Japan.	The US Department of Agriculture's national organic standard. The green-and-white seal is the legal mark for any food sold as 'organic' in the United States.
Scope	Food	Several categories	Food	Food
Established	2010	1986	2001	2002
Inspection	Annual on-site by accredited control body in producer country	Annual on-site, NASAA-accredited	Annual on-site by MAFF-registered certifier	Annual on-site by USDA-accredited certifier
Residue testing	Risk-based; mandatory at higher-risk operations	Risk-based	Required for high-risk operations	Required on ≥5% of operations annually
Guarantees	At least 95% of agricultural ingredients are organic (regulation EU 2018/848). No synthetic pesticides, no synthetic fertilizers, no GMOs. Animal welfare standards (outdoor access, lower stocking density, no routine antibiotics). Annual inspection by an accredited control body in the producing member state. Mandatory display of the certifier's code and origin (e.g. 'EU Agriculture' / 'Non-EU Agriculture').	Compliance with the Australian National Standard for Organic and Bio-Dynamic Produce. Annual on-site inspection. Biodynamic certification option.	≥95% organic ingredients. No synthetic pesticides, no synthetic fertilizers, no GMOs. Annual inspection by a MAFF-registered certifier.	At least 95% of ingredients are certified organic (the '100% Organic' variant requires every ingredient). No synthetic pesticides, no synthetic fertilizers, no GMOs, no sewage sludge, no irradiation. Annual on-site inspection by a USDA-accredited certifier. Residue testing on at least 5% of certified operations each year.
Does NOT	Doesn't ban the natural pesticides allowed under the regulation (copper sulphate, spinosad). Doesn't certify processed-food additives beyond the EU's permitted list.	Australia has multiple competing organic certifiers — NASAA is one of seven, not the dominant national mark (that's ACO).	Mutual recognition with the US, EU, and Canada applies to specific product categories — check each agreement before importing.	Doesn't certify nutrition, taste, or animal welfare specifically (separate marks like AWA cover welfare). Doesn't guarantee local production — a 'USDA Organic' product can be grown anywhere with an accredited inspector.

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