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	Fairtrade International Global · Tier 3 Specialty	Canada Organic Biologique Canada · Tier 1 Gold	AB (Agriculture Biologique) France · Tier 2 Trusted	Luomu (Finland) Finland · Tier 2 Trusted
What it means	Certifies fair prices and conditions for producers in developing countries — not organic, not environmental. Common on coffee, cocoa, sugar, bananas, tea.	The federal Canadian organic standard, mandatory on any agricultural product sold across provincial borders or imported as 'organic'.	France's national organic mark, owned by the Ministry of Agriculture. Sits alongside the EU Leaf on virtually all French organic packaging.	Finland's national organic 'Sun Mark' (Aurinkomerkki). Operated by the Finnish Food Authority. In practice most Finnish organic packaging carries both Luomu and the EU Leaf — they certify to the same baseline.
Scope	Food	Food	Food	Food
Established	1997	2009	1985	1995
Inspection	Annual on-site by FLOCERT (independent of Fairtrade International)	Annual on-site by CFIA-accredited certifier	Annual on-site by French-accredited certifiers	Annual on-site by Finnish Food Authority
Residue testing	Not for organic — Fairtrade alone doesn't test residues	Risk-based, conducted by accredited certifiers	Risk-based	Required
Guarantees	Minimum price floors for producer cooperatives. Fairtrade Premium paid into community-development funds. Bans on the worst forms of child and forced labour. Producer organisations must be small-farmer cooperatives or hired-labour plantations meeting standards.	≥95% organic ingredients (single-ingredient products: 100%). No synthetic pesticides, no GMOs, no irradiation. Annual third-party certification under the Canada Organic Regime.	EU baseline organic (EU 2018/848). Annual on-site inspection by accredited French certifiers (Ecocert, Bureau Veritas, Qualité-France).	EU baseline organic (Finnish supply chains end-to-end). Annual on-site inspection by the Finnish Food Authority.
Does NOT	Doesn't mean organic — many Fairtrade products are conventionally grown. A separate Fairtrade-Organic dual certification exists.	Provincial sales-only operations are not legally required to carry it (though many do voluntarily).	Same standard as the EU Leaf — AB is the brand consumers recognise, not a stricter rule.	The Sun Mark is awarded only to fully Finnish supply chains — imports use the EU Leaf alone.

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