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	Fairtrade International Global · Tier 3 Specialty	IBD IBD Orgânico (Brazil) Brazil · Tier 2 Trusted	Luomu (Finland) Finland · Tier 2 Trusted	Demeter International Global · Tier 2 Trusted
What it means	Certifies fair prices and conditions for producers in developing countries — not organic, not environmental. Common on coffee, cocoa, sugar, bananas, tea.	South America's largest organic certifier. IBD certifies under Brazilian, USDA NOP, EU, and JAS standards — a single-stop certifier widely used across Latin America.	Finland's national organic 'Sun Mark' (Aurinkomerkki). Operated by the Finnish Food Authority. In practice most Finnish organic packaging carries both Luomu and the EU Leaf — they certify to the same baseline.	The certification mark for biodynamic agriculture. Stricter than any government organic standard: it covers the entire farm as a closed ecosystem, follows a planting calendar tied to lunar/solar cycles, and bans many practices the baseline organic rules permit.
Scope	Food	Several categories	Food	Several categories
Established	1997	1990	1995	1928
Inspection	Annual on-site by FLOCERT (independent of Fairtrade International)	Annual on-site, IFOAM- and ISO 17065-accredited	Annual on-site by Finnish Food Authority	Annual on-site by Demeter-accredited inspectors
Residue testing	Not for organic — Fairtrade alone doesn't test residues	Required	Required	Risk-based on top of organic
Guarantees	Minimum price floors for producer cooperatives. Fairtrade Premium paid into community-development funds. Bans on the worst forms of child and forced labour. Producer organisations must be small-farmer cooperatives or hired-labour plantations meeting standards.	Multiple-standard certification: Brazilian (SisOrg), USDA NOP, EU, JAS, Demeter. Annual on-site inspection.	EU baseline organic (Finnish supply chains end-to-end). Annual on-site inspection by the Finnish Food Authority.	All organic standards PLUS biodynamic preparations and whole-farm planning. Whole-farm certification (not single fields/products). Annual on-site inspection by Demeter-accredited inspectors. Animal welfare standards stricter than baseline organic.
Does NOT	Doesn't mean organic — many Fairtrade products are conventionally grown. A separate Fairtrade-Organic dual certification exists.	A single product may carry IBD plus a country-specific organic mark — IBD itself isn't the regulatory mark in any of those markets, just the accredited certifier.	The Sun Mark is awarded only to fully Finnish supply chains — imports use the EU Leaf alone.	Biodynamic philosophy includes esoteric elements (lunar planting, herbal preparations) that many scientists view as non-evidence-based — the agronomic outcomes are still good, the underlying claims about cosmic forces are not testable.

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