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	Fairtrade International Global · Tier 3 Specialty	Luomu (Finland) Finland · Tier 2 Trusted	COSMOS-Organic / Natural European Union · Tier 2 Trusted	Canada Organic Biologique Canada · Tier 1 Gold
What it means	Certifies fair prices and conditions for producers in developing countries — not organic, not environmental. Common on coffee, cocoa, sugar, bananas, tea.	Finland's national organic 'Sun Mark' (Aurinkomerkki). Operated by the Finnish Food Authority. In practice most Finnish organic packaging carries both Luomu and the EU Leaf — they certify to the same baseline.	The leading certification for organic cosmetics in Europe. Two grades: COSMOS Organic (≥95% organic agricultural ingredients) and COSMOS Natural (no organic minimum, but the same restricted-ingredient list).	The federal Canadian organic standard, mandatory on any agricultural product sold across provincial borders or imported as 'organic'.
Scope	Food	Food	Cosmetics	Food
Established	1997	1995	2010	2009
Inspection	Annual on-site by FLOCERT (independent of Fairtrade International)	Annual on-site by Finnish Food Authority	Annual on-site by COSMOS-accredited certifier	Annual on-site by CFIA-accredited certifier
Residue testing	Not for organic — Fairtrade alone doesn't test residues	Required	Risk-based	Risk-based, conducted by accredited certifiers
Guarantees	Minimum price floors for producer cooperatives. Fairtrade Premium paid into community-development funds. Bans on the worst forms of child and forced labour. Producer organisations must be small-farmer cooperatives or hired-labour plantations meeting standards.	EU baseline organic (Finnish supply chains end-to-end). Annual on-site inspection by the Finnish Food Authority.	COSMOS Organic: ≥95% organic agricultural ingredients. COSMOS Natural: minimum natural-origin ingredients with banned synthetic restrictions. No GMOs, no parabens, no PEGs, no synthetic fragrances, no SLS/SLES. Biodegradability requirements. Annual on-site audit.	≥95% organic ingredients (single-ingredient products: 100%). No synthetic pesticides, no GMOs, no irradiation. Annual third-party certification under the Canada Organic Regime.
Does NOT	Doesn't mean organic — many Fairtrade products are conventionally grown. A separate Fairtrade-Organic dual certification exists.	The Sun Mark is awarded only to fully Finnish supply chains — imports use the EU Leaf alone.	Doesn't certify clinical effectiveness or skin tolerance.	Provincial sales-only operations are not legally required to carry it (though many do voluntarily).

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