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	Fairtrade International Global · Tier 3 Specialty	Regenerative Organic Certified (ROC) United States · Tier 2 Trusted	Luomu (Finland) Finland · Tier 2 Trusted	IFM IFOAM — Organics International Global · Tier 2 Trusted
What it means	Certifies fair prices and conditions for producers in developing countries — not organic, not environmental. Common on coffee, cocoa, sugar, bananas, tea.	A 'beyond organic' standard developed by the Regenerative Organic Alliance (Patagonia, Rodale Institute, Dr. Bronner's, others). Built on top of USDA Organic; adds soil health, animal welfare, and social fairness pillars.	Finland's national organic 'Sun Mark' (Aurinkomerkki). Operated by the Finnish Food Authority. In practice most Finnish organic packaging carries both Luomu and the EU Leaf — they certify to the same baseline.	The international umbrella body for the organic movement. Not a product label — IFOAM accredits other certifiers worldwide via the IFOAM Family of Standards. If a cert is 'IFOAM-accredited' it has been benchmarked to a globally consistent baseline.
Scope	Food	Several categories	Food	Several categories
Established	1997	2018	1995	1972
Inspection	Annual on-site by FLOCERT (independent of Fairtrade International)	Annual on-site by ROA-accredited certifier	Annual on-site by Finnish Food Authority	Periodic review of accredited certifier bodies
Residue testing	Not for organic — Fairtrade alone doesn't test residues	Per USDA NOP	Required	Delegated to accredited certifiers
Guarantees	Minimum price floors for producer cooperatives. Fairtrade Premium paid into community-development funds. Bans on the worst forms of child and forced labour. Producer organisations must be small-farmer cooperatives or hired-labour plantations meeting standards.	USDA Organic baseline (or equivalent) is a prerequisite. Soil health: cover cropping, no-till or reduced-till, conservation crop rotation, compost. Animal welfare: pasture-based, Five Freedoms, prohibits factory-farm conditions. Social fairness: living wage, freedom of association, safe workplace, no forced or child labour. Three tiers: Bronze, Silver, Gold based on adoption depth.	EU baseline organic (Finnish supply chains end-to-end). Annual on-site inspection by the Finnish Food Authority.	Accredited certifiers meet the IFOAM Norms and the IFOAM Family of Standards. Independent peer review of certifier governance, inspection rigor, and conflict-of-interest controls.
Does NOT	Doesn't mean organic — many Fairtrade products are conventionally grown. A separate Fairtrade-Organic dual certification exists.	Newer label (2018+) — supply still limited, mostly US brands.	The Sun Mark is awarded only to fully Finnish supply chains — imports use the EU Leaf alone.	Does NOT certify products directly — only certifiers. Look for the underlying national / private mark on the package.

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