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	Fairtrade International Global · Tier 3 Specialty	Soil Association Organic United Kingdom · Tier 2 Trusted	Rainforest Alliance Global · Tier 3 Specialty	Luomu (Finland) Finland · Tier 2 Trusted
What it means	Certifies fair prices and conditions for producers in developing countries — not organic, not environmental. Common on coffee, cocoa, sugar, bananas, tea.	The UK's largest organic certifier. Standards are stricter than the UK government's baseline (which still mirrors EU 2018/848 post-Brexit). Recognised by the EU and USA under equivalence.	Sustainable-agriculture certification (post-2020 merged standard with UTZ). Covers environmental, social, and economic criteria. NOT an organic mark.	Finland's national organic 'Sun Mark' (Aurinkomerkki). Operated by the Finnish Food Authority. In practice most Finnish organic packaging carries both Luomu and the EU Leaf — they certify to the same baseline.
Scope	Food	Several categories	Food	Food
Established	1997	1946	1987	1995
Inspection	Annual on-site by FLOCERT (independent of Fairtrade International)	Annual on-site, UKAS-accredited	Annual third-party audit (RA-accredited)	Annual on-site by Finnish Food Authority
Residue testing	Not for organic — Fairtrade alone doesn't test residues	Risk-based	Risk-based	Required
Guarantees	Minimum price floors for producer cooperatives. Fairtrade Premium paid into community-development funds. Bans on the worst forms of child and forced labour. Producer organisations must be small-farmer cooperatives or hired-labour plantations meeting standards.	Stricter-than-baseline organic standards across food, textiles, cosmetics, and farming. Annual on-site inspection. Animal welfare standards (outdoor access, lower stocking density).	Reduced (not eliminated) synthetic pesticide use, with bans on the most hazardous classes. Forest conservation requirements (no deforestation after the cut-off date). Worker welfare and community development requirements. Annual third-party audit.	EU baseline organic (Finnish supply chains end-to-end). Annual on-site inspection by the Finnish Food Authority.
Does NOT	Doesn't mean organic — many Fairtrade products are conventionally grown. A separate Fairtrade-Organic dual certification exists.	Logo is trademarked — not a free-licence mark.	Allows synthetic pesticides — does NOT meet any organic standard. Often confused with organic but it's a different programme.	The Sun Mark is awarded only to fully Finnish supply chains — imports use the EU Leaf alone.

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