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	IFM IFOAM — Organics International Global · Tier 2 Trusted	AB (Agriculture Biologique) France · Tier 2 Trusted	Fairtrade International Global · Tier 3 Specialty	China Organic (COFCC) China · Tier 1 Gold
What it means	The international umbrella body for the organic movement. Not a product label — IFOAM accredits other certifiers worldwide via the IFOAM Family of Standards. If a cert is 'IFOAM-accredited' it has been benchmarked to a globally consistent baseline.	France's national organic mark, owned by the Ministry of Agriculture. Sits alongside the EU Leaf on virtually all French organic packaging.	Certifies fair prices and conditions for producers in developing countries — not organic, not environmental. Common on coffee, cocoa, sugar, bananas, tea.	China's national organic certification under the Certification and Accreditation Administration. Mandatory on any product sold as '有机' (organic) in mainland China.
Scope	Several categories	Food	Food	Food
Established	1972	1985	1997	2005
Inspection	Periodic review of accredited certifier bodies	Annual on-site by French-accredited certifiers	Annual on-site by FLOCERT (independent of Fairtrade International)	Annual on-site by CNCA-accredited certifier
Residue testing	Delegated to accredited certifiers	Risk-based	Not for organic — Fairtrade alone doesn't test residues	Required
Guarantees	Accredited certifiers meet the IFOAM Norms and the IFOAM Family of Standards. Independent peer review of certifier governance, inspection rigor, and conflict-of-interest controls.	EU baseline organic (EU 2018/848). Annual on-site inspection by accredited French certifiers (Ecocert, Bureau Veritas, Qualité-France).	Minimum price floors for producer cooperatives. Fairtrade Premium paid into community-development funds. Bans on the worst forms of child and forced labour. Producer organisations must be small-farmer cooperatives or hired-labour plantations meeting standards.	≥95% organic ingredients. No synthetic pesticides, no GMOs. Annual third-party certification. Each certified product carries a unique 17-digit traceability code.
Does NOT	Does NOT certify products directly — only certifiers. Look for the underlying national / private mark on the package.	Same standard as the EU Leaf — AB is the brand consumers recognise, not a stricter rule.	Doesn't mean organic — many Fairtrade products are conventionally grown. A separate Fairtrade-Organic dual certification exists.	Imported organic foods must be re-certified under the Chinese standard — overseas certifications alone are not accepted for the 有机 label.

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