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	IFM IFOAM — Organics International Global · Tier 2 Trusted	Debio Ø (Norway) Norway · Tier 2 Trusted	AB (Agriculture Biologique) France · Tier 2 Trusted	EU Ecolabel (Flower) European Union · Tier 3 Specialty
What it means	The international umbrella body for the organic movement. Not a product label — IFOAM accredits other certifiers worldwide via the IFOAM Family of Standards. If a cert is 'IFOAM-accredited' it has been benchmarked to a globally consistent baseline.	Norway's only accredited organic certifier. The Ø-merket is required on any food sold as 'økologisk' in Norway. Operates to EU 2018/848 equivalence plus Norwegian add-ons.	France's national organic mark, owned by the Ministry of Agriculture. Sits alongside the EU Leaf on virtually all French organic packaging.	The European Commission's voluntary environmental label. Covers cleaning products, paper, textiles, electronics, accommodation services. NOT an organic mark.
Scope	Several categories	Food	Food	Several categories
Established	1972	1986	1985	1992
Inspection	Periodic review of accredited certifier bodies	Annual on-site by Debio-accredited inspectors	Annual on-site by French-accredited certifiers	Annual audit by national Ecolabel competent body
Residue testing	Delegated to accredited certifiers	Required	Risk-based	Per-category limits
Guarantees	Accredited certifiers meet the IFOAM Norms and the IFOAM Family of Standards. Independent peer review of certifier governance, inspection rigor, and conflict-of-interest controls.	EU baseline organic. Annual on-site inspection. Norwegian-specific welfare standards (esp. for cold-climate livestock).	EU baseline organic (EU 2018/848). Annual on-site inspection by accredited French certifiers (Ecocert, Bureau Veritas, Qualité-France).	Lifecycle-based environmental criteria per product category. Restrictions on hazardous chemicals. Annual licence renewal with audit.
Does NOT	Does NOT certify products directly — only certifiers. Look for the underlying national / private mark on the package.	Norway is outside the EU — the Ø is recognised under EEA equivalence, not direct EU equivalence.	Same standard as the EU Leaf — AB is the brand consumers recognise, not a stricter rule.	Doesn't apply to food. Doesn't mean organic.

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