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	IFM IFOAM — Organics International Global · Tier 2 Trusted	Rainforest Alliance Global · Tier 3 Specialty	China Organic (COFCC) China · Tier 1 Gold	India Organic (NPOP) India · Tier 1 Gold
What it means	The international umbrella body for the organic movement. Not a product label — IFOAM accredits other certifiers worldwide via the IFOAM Family of Standards. If a cert is 'IFOAM-accredited' it has been benchmarked to a globally consistent baseline.	Sustainable-agriculture certification (post-2020 merged standard with UTZ). Covers environmental, social, and economic criteria. NOT an organic mark.	China's national organic certification under the Certification and Accreditation Administration. Mandatory on any product sold as '有机' (organic) in mainland China.	India's national organic mark under the National Programme for Organic Production. Administered by APEDA; required on any food exported as organic and increasingly on domestic packaging.
Scope	Several categories	Food	Food	Food
Established	1972	1987	2005	2001
Inspection	Periodic review of accredited certifier bodies	Annual third-party audit (RA-accredited)	Annual on-site by CNCA-accredited certifier	Annual on-site by APEDA-accredited certifier
Residue testing	Delegated to accredited certifiers	Risk-based	Required	Required for export shipments
Guarantees	Accredited certifiers meet the IFOAM Norms and the IFOAM Family of Standards. Independent peer review of certifier governance, inspection rigor, and conflict-of-interest controls.	Reduced (not eliminated) synthetic pesticide use, with bans on the most hazardous classes. Forest conservation requirements (no deforestation after the cut-off date). Worker welfare and community development requirements. Annual third-party audit.	≥95% organic ingredients. No synthetic pesticides, no GMOs. Annual third-party certification. Each certified product carries a unique 17-digit traceability code.	≥95% organic ingredients. No synthetic pesticides, no GMOs. Annual third-party certification.
Does NOT	Does NOT certify products directly — only certifiers. Look for the underlying national / private mark on the package.	Allows synthetic pesticides — does NOT meet any organic standard. Often confused with organic but it's a different programme.	Imported organic foods must be re-certified under the Chinese standard — overseas certifications alone are not accepted for the 有机 label.	Domestic-only sales can also use FSSAI's 'Jaivik Bharat' mark — if you see only 'Jaivik Bharat' without 'India Organic', the supply chain may be PGS-India rather than NPOP-accredited.

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