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	JAS Organic Japan · Tier 1 Gold	Debio Ø (Norway) Norway · Tier 2 Trusted	AB (Agriculture Biologique) France · Tier 2 Trusted	Bioland Germany · Tier 2 Trusted
What it means	Japan's national organic standard under the Japanese Agricultural Standard system. The mark must appear on any food sold as 'organic' (有機 or オーガニック) in Japan.	Norway's only accredited organic certifier. The Ø-merket is required on any food sold as 'økologisk' in Norway. Operates to EU 2018/848 equivalence plus Norwegian add-ons.	France's national organic mark, owned by the Ministry of Agriculture. Sits alongside the EU Leaf on virtually all French organic packaging.	Germany's largest organic farmers' association. Bioland-certified farms operate to a stricter private standard than the EU baseline.
Scope	Food	Food	Food	Food
Established	2001	1986	1985	1971
Inspection	Annual on-site by MAFF-registered certifier	Annual on-site by Debio-accredited inspectors	Annual on-site by French-accredited certifiers	Annual on-site by Bioland-accredited inspectors
Residue testing	Required for high-risk operations	Required	Risk-based	Required
Guarantees	≥95% organic ingredients. No synthetic pesticides, no synthetic fertilizers, no GMOs. Annual inspection by a MAFF-registered certifier.	EU baseline organic. Annual on-site inspection. Norwegian-specific welfare standards (esp. for cold-climate livestock).	EU baseline organic (EU 2018/848). Annual on-site inspection by accredited French certifiers (Ecocert, Bureau Veritas, Qualité-France).	Whole-farm conversion (no parallel conventional production). Lower permitted nitrogen inputs than EU baseline. Animal welfare standards stricter than EU baseline. Annual on-site inspection.
Does NOT	Mutual recognition with the US, EU, and Canada applies to specific product categories — check each agreement before importing.	Norway is outside the EU — the Ø is recognised under EEA equivalence, not direct EU equivalence.	Same standard as the EU Leaf — AB is the brand consumers recognise, not a stricter rule.	Like Naturland, membership-based — only Bioland-association farms can use the mark.

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