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	JAS Organic Japan · Tier 1 Gold	EU Ecolabel (Flower) European Union · Tier 3 Specialty	AB (Agriculture Biologique) France · Tier 2 Trusted	Non-GMO Project Verified United States · Tier 3 Specialty
What it means	Japan's national organic standard under the Japanese Agricultural Standard system. The mark must appear on any food sold as 'organic' (有機 or オーガニック) in Japan.	The European Commission's voluntary environmental label. Covers cleaning products, paper, textiles, electronics, accommodation services. NOT an organic mark.	France's national organic mark, owned by the Ministry of Agriculture. Sits alongside the EU Leaf on virtually all French organic packaging.	North America's leading 'no genetically modified organisms' certification. Tests for the presence of GMOs in finished products. NOT organic.
Scope	Food	Several categories	Food	Food
Established	2001	1992	1985	2010
Inspection	Annual on-site by MAFF-registered certifier	Annual audit by national Ecolabel competent body	Annual on-site by French-accredited certifiers	Annual third-party audit + lab testing
Residue testing	Required for high-risk operations	Per-category limits	Risk-based	GMO testing only (not pesticide)
Guarantees	≥95% organic ingredients. No synthetic pesticides, no synthetic fertilizers, no GMOs. Annual inspection by a MAFF-registered certifier.	Lifecycle-based environmental criteria per product category. Restrictions on hazardous chemicals. Annual licence renewal with audit.	EU baseline organic (EU 2018/848). Annual on-site inspection by accredited French certifiers (Ecocert, Bureau Veritas, Qualité-France).	Verified absence of GMO ingredients (with action thresholds, not zero tolerance). Annual third-party verification. Tracing and segregation across the supply chain.
Does NOT	Mutual recognition with the US, EU, and Canada applies to specific product categories — check each agreement before importing.	Doesn't apply to food. Doesn't mean organic.	Same standard as the EU Leaf — AB is the brand consumers recognise, not a stricter rule.	Doesn't mean organic — Non-GMO products can use synthetic pesticides and fertilizers freely.

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