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	JAS Organic Japan · Tier 1 Gold	EU Organic (Euro-Leaf) European Union · Tier 1 Gold	Non-GMO Project Verified United States · Tier 3 Specialty	EU Ecolabel (Flower) European Union · Tier 3 Specialty
What it means	Japan's national organic standard under the Japanese Agricultural Standard system. The mark must appear on any food sold as 'organic' (有機 or オーガニック) in Japan.	The mandatory mark for any pre-packaged organic food sold in the EU. The 'Euro-Leaf' is a stylised leaf made of twelve white stars on a green background.	North America's leading 'no genetically modified organisms' certification. Tests for the presence of GMOs in finished products. NOT organic.	The European Commission's voluntary environmental label. Covers cleaning products, paper, textiles, electronics, accommodation services. NOT an organic mark.
Scope	Food	Food	Food	Several categories
Established	2001	2010	2010	1992
Inspection	Annual on-site by MAFF-registered certifier	Annual on-site by accredited control body in producer country	Annual third-party audit + lab testing	Annual audit by national Ecolabel competent body
Residue testing	Required for high-risk operations	Risk-based; mandatory at higher-risk operations	GMO testing only (not pesticide)	Per-category limits
Guarantees	≥95% organic ingredients. No synthetic pesticides, no synthetic fertilizers, no GMOs. Annual inspection by a MAFF-registered certifier.	At least 95% of agricultural ingredients are organic (regulation EU 2018/848). No synthetic pesticides, no synthetic fertilizers, no GMOs. Animal welfare standards (outdoor access, lower stocking density, no routine antibiotics). Annual inspection by an accredited control body in the producing member state. Mandatory display of the certifier's code and origin (e.g. 'EU Agriculture' / 'Non-EU Agriculture').	Verified absence of GMO ingredients (with action thresholds, not zero tolerance). Annual third-party verification. Tracing and segregation across the supply chain.	Lifecycle-based environmental criteria per product category. Restrictions on hazardous chemicals. Annual licence renewal with audit.
Does NOT	Mutual recognition with the US, EU, and Canada applies to specific product categories — check each agreement before importing.	Doesn't ban the natural pesticides allowed under the regulation (copper sulphate, spinosad). Doesn't certify processed-food additives beyond the EU's permitted list.	Doesn't mean organic — Non-GMO products can use synthetic pesticides and fertilizers freely.	Doesn't apply to food. Doesn't mean organic.

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