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	JAS Organic Japan · Tier 1 Gold	India Organic (NPOP) India · Tier 1 Gold	COSMOS-Organic / Natural European Union · Tier 2 Trusted	ECO Ecocert France · Tier 2 Trusted
What it means	Japan's national organic standard under the Japanese Agricultural Standard system. The mark must appear on any food sold as 'organic' (有機 or オーガニック) in Japan.	India's national organic mark under the National Programme for Organic Production. Administered by APEDA; required on any food exported as organic and increasingly on domestic packaging.	The leading certification for organic cosmetics in Europe. Two grades: COSMOS Organic (≥95% organic agricultural ingredients) and COSMOS Natural (no organic minimum, but the same restricted-ingredient list).	France-based independent certifier operating in 130+ countries. One of the world's largest organic + cosmetics + textile certifiers. The 'Ecocert' wordmark on a package usually means Ecocert was the accredited body that ran the inspection against the national/EU standard.
Scope	Food	Food	Cosmetics	Several categories
Established	2001	2001	2010	1991
Inspection	Annual on-site by MAFF-registered certifier	Annual on-site by APEDA-accredited certifier	Annual on-site by COSMOS-accredited certifier	Annual on-site, ISO 17065-accredited
Residue testing	Required for high-risk operations	Required for export shipments	Risk-based	Risk-based per standard
Guarantees	≥95% organic ingredients. No synthetic pesticides, no synthetic fertilizers, no GMOs. Annual inspection by a MAFF-registered certifier.	≥95% organic ingredients. No synthetic pesticides, no GMOs. Annual third-party certification.	COSMOS Organic: ≥95% organic agricultural ingredients. COSMOS Natural: minimum natural-origin ingredients with banned synthetic restrictions. No GMOs, no parabens, no PEGs, no synthetic fragrances, no SLS/SLES. Biodegradability requirements. Annual on-site audit.	Inspection against the relevant national or private organic standard (EU 2018/848, USDA NOP, COSMOS, GOTS, Fair for Life, etc.). Annual on-site inspection. Accredited under multiple national systems including USDA NOP and EU 2018/848.
Does NOT	Mutual recognition with the US, EU, and Canada applies to specific product categories — check each agreement before importing.	Domestic-only sales can also use FSSAI's 'Jaivik Bharat' mark — if you see only 'Jaivik Bharat' without 'India Organic', the supply chain may be PGS-India rather than NPOP-accredited.	Doesn't certify clinical effectiveness or skin tolerance.	Ecocert is the certifier, not the standard — the actual rules come from whichever organic regulation the product is certified under.

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