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	JAS Organic Japan · Tier 1 Gold	Luomu (Finland) Finland · Tier 2 Trusted	Demeter International Global · Tier 2 Trusted	IBD IBD Orgânico (Brazil) Brazil · Tier 2 Trusted
What it means	Japan's national organic standard under the Japanese Agricultural Standard system. The mark must appear on any food sold as 'organic' (有機 or オーガニック) in Japan.	Finland's national organic 'Sun Mark' (Aurinkomerkki). Operated by the Finnish Food Authority. In practice most Finnish organic packaging carries both Luomu and the EU Leaf — they certify to the same baseline.	The certification mark for biodynamic agriculture. Stricter than any government organic standard: it covers the entire farm as a closed ecosystem, follows a planting calendar tied to lunar/solar cycles, and bans many practices the baseline organic rules permit.	South America's largest organic certifier. IBD certifies under Brazilian, USDA NOP, EU, and JAS standards — a single-stop certifier widely used across Latin America.
Scope	Food	Food	Several categories	Several categories
Established	2001	1995	1928	1990
Inspection	Annual on-site by MAFF-registered certifier	Annual on-site by Finnish Food Authority	Annual on-site by Demeter-accredited inspectors	Annual on-site, IFOAM- and ISO 17065-accredited
Residue testing	Required for high-risk operations	Required	Risk-based on top of organic	Required
Guarantees	≥95% organic ingredients. No synthetic pesticides, no synthetic fertilizers, no GMOs. Annual inspection by a MAFF-registered certifier.	EU baseline organic (Finnish supply chains end-to-end). Annual on-site inspection by the Finnish Food Authority.	All organic standards PLUS biodynamic preparations and whole-farm planning. Whole-farm certification (not single fields/products). Annual on-site inspection by Demeter-accredited inspectors. Animal welfare standards stricter than baseline organic.	Multiple-standard certification: Brazilian (SisOrg), USDA NOP, EU, JAS, Demeter. Annual on-site inspection.
Does NOT	Mutual recognition with the US, EU, and Canada applies to specific product categories — check each agreement before importing.	The Sun Mark is awarded only to fully Finnish supply chains — imports use the EU Leaf alone.	Biodynamic philosophy includes esoteric elements (lunar planting, herbal preparations) that many scientists view as non-evidence-based — the agronomic outcomes are still good, the underlying claims about cosmic forces are not testable.	A single product may carry IBD plus a country-specific organic mark — IBD itself isn't the regulatory mark in any of those markets, just the accredited certifier.

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