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	NASAA Certified Organic (Australia) Australia · Tier 2 Trusted	Debio Ø (Norway) Norway · Tier 2 Trusted	USDA Organic United States · Tier 1 Gold	JAS Organic Japan · Tier 1 Gold
What it means	National Association for Sustainable Agriculture, Australia. One of seven Australian Department of Agriculture-approved certifiers. IFOAM-accredited; certifies organic and biodynamic produce.	Norway's only accredited organic certifier. The Ø-merket is required on any food sold as 'økologisk' in Norway. Operates to EU 2018/848 equivalence plus Norwegian add-ons.	The US Department of Agriculture's national organic standard. The green-and-white seal is the legal mark for any food sold as 'organic' in the United States.	Japan's national organic standard under the Japanese Agricultural Standard system. The mark must appear on any food sold as 'organic' (有機 or オーガニック) in Japan.
Scope	Several categories	Food	Food	Food
Established	1986	1986	2002	2001
Inspection	Annual on-site, NASAA-accredited	Annual on-site by Debio-accredited inspectors	Annual on-site by USDA-accredited certifier	Annual on-site by MAFF-registered certifier
Residue testing	Risk-based	Required	Required on ≥5% of operations annually	Required for high-risk operations
Guarantees	Compliance with the Australian National Standard for Organic and Bio-Dynamic Produce. Annual on-site inspection. Biodynamic certification option.	EU baseline organic. Annual on-site inspection. Norwegian-specific welfare standards (esp. for cold-climate livestock).	At least 95% of ingredients are certified organic (the '100% Organic' variant requires every ingredient). No synthetic pesticides, no synthetic fertilizers, no GMOs, no sewage sludge, no irradiation. Annual on-site inspection by a USDA-accredited certifier. Residue testing on at least 5% of certified operations each year.	≥95% organic ingredients. No synthetic pesticides, no synthetic fertilizers, no GMOs. Annual inspection by a MAFF-registered certifier.
Does NOT	Australia has multiple competing organic certifiers — NASAA is one of seven, not the dominant national mark (that's ACO).	Norway is outside the EU — the Ø is recognised under EEA equivalence, not direct EU equivalence.	Doesn't certify nutrition, taste, or animal welfare specifically (separate marks like AWA cover welfare). Doesn't guarantee local production — a 'USDA Organic' product can be grown anywhere with an accredited inspector.	Mutual recognition with the US, EU, and Canada applies to specific product categories — check each agreement before importing.

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