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	Nordic Swan Ecolabel Nordic Countries · Tier 3 Specialty	Global Organic Textile Standard Global · Tier 2 Trusted	EU Ecolabel (Flower) European Union · Tier 3 Specialty	COSMOS-Organic / Natural European Union · Tier 2 Trusted
What it means	The official environmental label of the Nordic countries (Sweden, Norway, Denmark, Finland, Iceland). Covers ~60 product categories from cleaning products to hotels — NOT specifically an organic standard.	The strictest, most widely-recognised standard for organic textiles. Covers the full supply chain from organic fibre to finished garment, with environmental AND social criteria.	The European Commission's voluntary environmental label. Covers cleaning products, paper, textiles, electronics, accommodation services. NOT an organic mark.	The leading certification for organic cosmetics in Europe. Two grades: COSMOS Organic (≥95% organic agricultural ingredients) and COSMOS Natural (no organic minimum, but the same restricted-ingredient list).
Scope	Several categories	Textiles	Several categories	Cosmetics
Established	1989	2002	1992	2010
Inspection	On-site + product review by national Ecolabel office	Annual on-site, IOAS-accredited	Annual audit by national Ecolabel competent body	Annual on-site by COSMOS-accredited certifier
Residue testing	Risk-based per category	Required for finished products	Per-category limits	Risk-based
Guarantees	Lifecycle-based environmental criteria for the product category. Restrictions on hazardous chemicals. Recyclability and packaging requirements. Audited every 3-5 years against an updated standard.	≥70% certified-organic natural fibre (the 'organic' grade requires ≥95%). Restricted dyes, no chlorine bleach, no formaldehyde, no banned heavy metals. Wastewater treatment requirements. Social standards based on ILO core conventions (no child labour, no forced labour, fair wages, safe workplace). Annual on-site inspection by IOAS-accredited certifier.	Lifecycle-based environmental criteria per product category. Restrictions on hazardous chemicals. Annual licence renewal with audit.	COSMOS Organic: ≥95% organic agricultural ingredients. COSMOS Natural: minimum natural-origin ingredients with banned synthetic restrictions. No GMOs, no parabens, no PEGs, no synthetic fragrances, no SLS/SLES. Biodegradability requirements. Annual on-site audit.
Does NOT	Doesn't certify food as organic — Nordic Swan on a food package means lower-environmental-impact, not 'no synthetic pesticides'.	Doesn't cover non-textile components (zips, buttons, prints) beyond the chemical-restriction list.	Doesn't apply to food. Doesn't mean organic.	Doesn't certify clinical effectiveness or skin tolerance.

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