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	$OEKO-TEX Standard 100 logo$ OEKO-TEX Standard 100 Global · Tier 3 Specialty	Fairtrade International Global · Tier 3 Specialty	Non-GMO Project Verified United States · Tier 3 Specialty	EU Ecolabel (Flower) European Union · Tier 3 Specialty
What it means	Tests finished textiles for harmful substances. Important: OEKO-TEX 100 is NOT an organic certification — it certifies that the finished item is free of certain chemicals, regardless of how the fibre was grown.	Certifies fair prices and conditions for producers in developing countries — not organic, not environmental. Common on coffee, cocoa, sugar, bananas, tea.	North America's leading 'no genetically modified organisms' certification. Tests for the presence of GMOs in finished products. NOT organic.	The European Commission's voluntary environmental label. Covers cleaning products, paper, textiles, electronics, accommodation services. NOT an organic mark.
Scope	Textiles	Food	Food	Several categories
Established	1992	1997	2010	1992
Inspection	Annual on-site + lab testing of finished products	Annual on-site by FLOCERT (independent of Fairtrade International)	Annual third-party audit + lab testing	Annual audit by national Ecolabel competent body
Residue testing	Required (this is the entire point)	Not for organic — Fairtrade alone doesn't test residues	GMO testing only (not pesticide)	Per-category limits
Guarantees	Finished textile tested against the OEKO-TEX harmful-substance limit list. Limits on heavy metals, formaldehyde, pesticide residue, banned amines, allergenic dyes.	Minimum price floors for producer cooperatives. Fairtrade Premium paid into community-development funds. Bans on the worst forms of child and forced labour. Producer organisations must be small-farmer cooperatives or hired-labour plantations meeting standards.	Verified absence of GMO ingredients (with action thresholds, not zero tolerance). Annual third-party verification. Tracing and segregation across the supply chain.	Lifecycle-based environmental criteria per product category. Restrictions on hazardous chemicals. Annual licence renewal with audit.
Does NOT	Does NOT mean organic. Does NOT cover farming, dyeing chemistry beyond the limit list, or social/labour standards. A 100% conventional cotton t-shirt can be OEKO-TEX 100 certified.	Doesn't mean organic — many Fairtrade products are conventionally grown. A separate Fairtrade-Organic dual certification exists.	Doesn't mean organic — Non-GMO products can use synthetic pesticides and fertilizers freely.	Doesn't apply to food. Doesn't mean organic.

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