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	OTC OEKO-TEX Organic Cotton Global · Tier 2 Trusted	India Organic (NPOP) India · Tier 1 Gold	Fairtrade International Global · Tier 3 Specialty	AB (Agriculture Biologique) France · Tier 2 Trusted
What it means	Launched April 2023 by the OEKO-TEX Association. A separate certificate from Standard 100 that combines the Standard 100 chemical-residue test with verified organic-cotton supply chain — addressing the long-standing confusion that Standard 100 alone is NOT an organic mark.	India's national organic mark under the National Programme for Organic Production. Administered by APEDA; required on any food exported as organic and increasingly on domestic packaging.	Certifies fair prices and conditions for producers in developing countries — not organic, not environmental. Common on coffee, cocoa, sugar, bananas, tea.	France's national organic mark, owned by the Ministry of Agriculture. Sits alongside the EU Leaf on virtually all French organic packaging.
Scope	Textiles	Food	Food	Food
Established	2023	2001	1997	1985
Inspection	Annual on-site by OEKO-TEX-accredited institute (Hohenstein et al.)	Annual on-site by APEDA-accredited certifier	Annual on-site by FLOCERT (independent of Fairtrade International)	Annual on-site by French-accredited certifiers
Residue testing	Required (Standard 100 panel + GMO/pesticide screening)	Required for export shipments	Not for organic — Fairtrade alone doesn't test residues	Risk-based
Guarantees	Two grades: 'Organic Cotton' (100% certified-organic cotton) and 'Organic Cotton Blended' (≥70% certified-organic cotton). Full Standard 100 chemical residue test on the finished product. Additional GMO test + pesticide residue test specific to organic farming. Verified chain of custody from farm to finished product. Annual re-certification with independent OEKO-TEX institute audits.	≥95% organic ingredients. No synthetic pesticides, no GMOs. Annual third-party certification.	Minimum price floors for producer cooperatives. Fairtrade Premium paid into community-development funds. Bans on the worst forms of child and forced labour. Producer organisations must be small-farmer cooperatives or hired-labour plantations meeting standards.	EU baseline organic (EU 2018/848). Annual on-site inspection by accredited French certifiers (Ecocert, Bureau Veritas, Qualité-France).
Does NOT	Doesn't certify the social/labour conditions across the supply chain in the way GOTS does (use OEKO-TEX STeP for that, or pair with GOTS). Cotton-only — doesn't apply to other organic fibres (wool, hemp, linen).	Domestic-only sales can also use FSSAI's 'Jaivik Bharat' mark — if you see only 'Jaivik Bharat' without 'India Organic', the supply chain may be PGS-India rather than NPOP-accredited.	Doesn't mean organic — many Fairtrade products are conventionally grown. A separate Fairtrade-Organic dual certification exists.	Same standard as the EU Leaf — AB is the brand consumers recognise, not a stricter rule.

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