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	Rainforest Alliance Global · Tier 3 Specialty	Fairtrade International Global · Tier 3 Specialty	NATRUE European Union · Tier 2 Trusted	JAS Organic Japan · Tier 1 Gold
What it means	Sustainable-agriculture certification (post-2020 merged standard with UTZ). Covers environmental, social, and economic criteria. NOT an organic mark.	Certifies fair prices and conditions for producers in developing countries — not organic, not environmental. Common on coffee, cocoa, sugar, bananas, tea.	An EU-based natural-and-organic cosmetics certification. Three grades: Natural, Natural with Organic portion, and Organic.	Japan's national organic standard under the Japanese Agricultural Standard system. The mark must appear on any food sold as 'organic' (有機 or オーガニック) in Japan.
Scope	Food	Food	Cosmetics	Food
Established	1987	1997	2007	2001
Inspection	Annual third-party audit (RA-accredited)	Annual on-site by FLOCERT (independent of Fairtrade International)	Annual third-party audit	Annual on-site by MAFF-registered certifier
Residue testing	Risk-based	Not for organic — Fairtrade alone doesn't test residues	Risk-based	Required for high-risk operations
Guarantees	Reduced (not eliminated) synthetic pesticide use, with bans on the most hazardous classes. Forest conservation requirements (no deforestation after the cut-off date). Worker welfare and community development requirements. Annual third-party audit.	Minimum price floors for producer cooperatives. Fairtrade Premium paid into community-development funds. Bans on the worst forms of child and forced labour. Producer organisations must be small-farmer cooperatives or hired-labour plantations meeting standards.	Restricted ingredient list (no synthetic fragrances, no silicones, no PEGs). Tiered organic content: Natural with Organic portion ≥70% certified organic; Organic ≥95%. Annual third-party verification.	≥95% organic ingredients. No synthetic pesticides, no synthetic fertilizers, no GMOs. Annual inspection by a MAFF-registered certifier.
Does NOT	Allows synthetic pesticides — does NOT meet any organic standard. Often confused with organic but it's a different programme.	Doesn't mean organic — many Fairtrade products are conventionally grown. A separate Fairtrade-Organic dual certification exists.	Mark is trademark-protected.	Mutual recognition with the US, EU, and Canada applies to specific product categories — check each agreement before importing.

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