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	Soil Association Organic United Kingdom · Tier 2 Trusted	Fairtrade International Global · Tier 3 Specialty	AB (Agriculture Biologique) France · Tier 2 Trusted	Luomu (Finland) Finland · Tier 2 Trusted
What it means	The UK's largest organic certifier. Standards are stricter than the UK government's baseline (which still mirrors EU 2018/848 post-Brexit). Recognised by the EU and USA under equivalence.	Certifies fair prices and conditions for producers in developing countries — not organic, not environmental. Common on coffee, cocoa, sugar, bananas, tea.	France's national organic mark, owned by the Ministry of Agriculture. Sits alongside the EU Leaf on virtually all French organic packaging.	Finland's national organic 'Sun Mark' (Aurinkomerkki). Operated by the Finnish Food Authority. In practice most Finnish organic packaging carries both Luomu and the EU Leaf — they certify to the same baseline.
Scope	Several categories	Food	Food	Food
Established	1946	1997	1985	1995
Inspection	Annual on-site, UKAS-accredited	Annual on-site by FLOCERT (independent of Fairtrade International)	Annual on-site by French-accredited certifiers	Annual on-site by Finnish Food Authority
Residue testing	Risk-based	Not for organic — Fairtrade alone doesn't test residues	Risk-based	Required
Guarantees	Stricter-than-baseline organic standards across food, textiles, cosmetics, and farming. Annual on-site inspection. Animal welfare standards (outdoor access, lower stocking density).	Minimum price floors for producer cooperatives. Fairtrade Premium paid into community-development funds. Bans on the worst forms of child and forced labour. Producer organisations must be small-farmer cooperatives or hired-labour plantations meeting standards.	EU baseline organic (EU 2018/848). Annual on-site inspection by accredited French certifiers (Ecocert, Bureau Veritas, Qualité-France).	EU baseline organic (Finnish supply chains end-to-end). Annual on-site inspection by the Finnish Food Authority.
Does NOT	Logo is trademarked — not a free-licence mark.	Doesn't mean organic — many Fairtrade products are conventionally grown. A separate Fairtrade-Organic dual certification exists.	Same standard as the EU Leaf — AB is the brand consumers recognise, not a stricter rule.	The Sun Mark is awarded only to fully Finnish supply chains — imports use the EU Leaf alone.

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