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USDA Organic logo
USDA Organic
United States · Tier 1 Gold
AB (Agriculture Biologique) logo
AB (Agriculture Biologique)
France · Tier 2 Trusted
Fairtrade International logo
Fairtrade International
Global · Tier 3 Specialty
What it meansThe US Department of Agriculture's national organic standard. The green-and-white seal is the legal mark for any food sold as 'organic' in the United States.France's national organic mark, owned by the Ministry of Agriculture. Sits alongside the EU Leaf on virtually all French organic packaging.Certifies fair prices and conditions for producers in developing countries — not organic, not environmental. Common on coffee, cocoa, sugar, bananas, tea.
ScopeFoodFoodFood
Established200219851997
InspectionAnnual on-site by USDA-accredited certifierAnnual on-site by French-accredited certifiersAnnual on-site by FLOCERT (independent of Fairtrade International)
Residue testingRequired on ≥5% of operations annuallyRisk-basedNot for organic — Fairtrade alone doesn't test residues
Guarantees
  • At least 95% of ingredients are certified organic (the '100% Organic' variant requires every ingredient).
  • No synthetic pesticides, no synthetic fertilizers, no GMOs, no sewage sludge, no irradiation.
  • Annual on-site inspection by a USDA-accredited certifier.
  • Residue testing on at least 5% of certified operations each year.
  • EU baseline organic (EU 2018/848).
  • Annual on-site inspection by accredited French certifiers (Ecocert, Bureau Veritas, Qualité-France).
  • Minimum price floors for producer cooperatives.
  • Fairtrade Premium paid into community-development funds.
  • Bans on the worst forms of child and forced labour.
  • Producer organisations must be small-farmer cooperatives or hired-labour plantations meeting standards.
Does NOT
  • Doesn't certify nutrition, taste, or animal welfare specifically (separate marks like AWA cover welfare).
  • Doesn't guarantee local production — a 'USDA Organic' product can be grown anywhere with an accredited inspector.
  • Same standard as the EU Leaf — AB is the brand consumers recognise, not a stricter rule.
  • Doesn't mean organic — many Fairtrade products are conventionally grown. A separate Fairtrade-Organic dual certification exists.

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